Unit 6

Which belief was central to Karl Marx's philosophy?

• class differences are at the root of most issues

• religion is a positive force that connects classes

• the role of government is to protect private property

• nationalism helps promote social equality

Which statement is MOST likely to be spoken by Marx

• Colonialism benefits both the colonizing country and the native population

• Industrialization benefits the wealthy and exploits the poor.

• Capitalism benefits both the workers and the business owners

• 
  Industrial capitalism enables both workers and business owners to prosper.

According to Adam Smith, the "invisible hand" of rational self-interest would create a self-correcting market that priced goods at their "natural" level.

What force or forces did Smith believe would dictate prices in such a system?

• organized labor

• laws and regulations

• supply and demand

• monopolistic companies

Which factor significantly contributed to Great Britain becoming the first industrialized nation?

• abundant coal and iron ore deposits

• isolated geographic location

• strong military alliances

How did the process of industrialization impact Great Britain and Germany? 

• Growth of urban centers

• Isolation from global trade

• reduced social mobility

• increased dependence on handmade materials

What was a common condition faced by children working in factories during the industrial revolution?

• Children were primarily employed in office jobs and were well-compensated for their work

• Children were employed in hazardous and long hours of labor, with minimal protection from accidents

• Children were not employed in factories, as labor laws protected them from working at a young age

• Children often worked in safe environments with opportunities for education during breaks

What was a significant social change brought about by the industrial revolution in urban areas?

• Decline in factory production

• Decrease in population density

• Emergence of a new middle class

• Increase in rural employment

What were negative impacts of employment for lower class urban women and children?

• People lived longer and healthier lives

• Many poor people and orphans were homeless and fled to cities

• The life expectancy of a worker in the city was twice as long as a farmer in the country

• Housing was built quickly for factory workers resulting in poorly constructed and badly ventilated buildings

How did the industrial revolution affect the living conditions in urban areas?

• Increase in rural population

• Overcrowding and poor sanitation

• Decrease in pollution levels

• Improved sanitation and health standards

Which economic theory emerged as a response to the inequalities observed during the industrial revolution?

• Feudalism

• Capitalism

• Mercantilism

• Socialism