Theorists and Theories in Gender

Which theorist is associated with the "Deficit model, politeness principle, and 'women's language'?"

• Robin Lakoff

• Deborah Tannen

• Pamela Fishman

• Deborah Cameron

Who proposed the "Difference Theory" involving six contrasts in male and female communication?

• Zimmerman & West

• Deborah Tannen

• O'Barr & Atkins

• Peter Trudgill

Who studied courtroom language and concluded that powerless language is linked to social status and context?

• Zimmerman & West

• O'Barr & Atkins

• Deborah Tannen

• H. Jennifer Coates

Which theorist focused on the relationship between gender, social class, and speech sounds?

• Peter Trudgill

• Deborah Cameron

• Pamela Fishman

• Robin Lakoff

Who suggested that women's conversations involve cooperative talk and negotiation?

• Deborah Tannen

• H. Jennifer Coates

• Zimmerman & West

• O'Barr & Atkins

Deborah Cameron argues that language differences are shaped by:

• Biology

• Social expectations

• Genetic factors

• Educational background

Peter Trudgill found that men were more likely to use non-standard forms, while women aimed for:

• Covert prestige

• Overt prestige

• Neutral language

• Informal speech

What does Jennifer Coates suggest about women's language?

• It is competitive and individualistic.

• It fosters group solidarity and mutual support.

• It is aggressive and confrontational.

• It is formal and structured.

What does Fishman's research suggest about Person A's role in conversation?

• Person A is disengaged.

• Person A is doing more of the conversational work.

• Person A is interrupting frequently.

• Person A is silent.

What does Cameron argue about interpretations of gendered language?

• They are always accurate.

• They rely too much on stereotypes.

• They are universally accepted.

• They are irrelevant.