BIOL 1407: Chp. 21 - Genomes and Their Evolution Quiz

Approximately how much of the human genome codes for proteins?

• 98.5%

• 44%

• 20%

• 1.5%

What are pseudogenes?

• Genes that code for rRNA

• Genes that regulate other genes

• Nonfunctional former genes with mutations

• Functional genes that code for proteins

Which of the following statements correctly describes one characteristic of retrotransposons?

• They contribute a significant portion of the genetic variability seen within a population.

• They use an RNA molecule as an intermediate in transposition.

• They are found only in animal cells.

• They generally move by a cut-and-paste mechanism.

Which of the following can be duplicated in a genome?

• Only entire sets of chromosomes

• DNA sequences, chromosomes, or sets of chromosomes

• Only entire chromosomes

• Only DNA sequences

How are transposons different from retrotransposons?

• Transposons use an RNA intermediate.

• Retrotransposons use a DNA intermediate.

• Transposons move by a cut-and-paste mechanism.

• Retrotransposons are found only in prokaryotes.

What is the role of Alu elements in the genome?

• They are responsible for cell division.

• They help regulate gene expression.

• They are involved in DNA replication.

• They code for proteins.

Which of the following statements correctly describes one characteristic of a multigene family?

• A multigene family includes multiple genes whose products must be coordinately expressed.

• A multigene family includes genes whose sequences are very similar and that probably arose by duplication.

• A multigene family includes a gene whose exons can be spliced in a number of different ways.

• A multigene family includes a highly conserved gene found in a number of different species.

Why is sequencing of eukaryotic genomes more difficult than sequencing genomes of bacteria or archaea?

• There is a high proportion of G-C base pairs in eukaryotic DNA, which makes sequencing difficult to complete.

• It is due to the large size of eukaryotic proteins.

• Eukaryotic genomes contain sequences for hard-to-find proteins.

• The large size of eukaryotic genomes and the large amount of eukaryotic repetitive DNA make sequencing difficult.

What is a short tandem repeat (STR)?

• A type of transposable element

• A long sequence of non-repetitive DNA

• A single nucleotide polymorphism

• A series of repeating units of 2 to 5 nucleotides

What is the function of lysozyme?

• It plays a role in milk production in mammals.

• It regulates gene expression.

• It helps protect animals against bacterial infection.

• It is involved in DNA replication.