According to 19th century theorists, which of the following elements was considered most essential in the formation of a cohesive nation-state, and why was it prioritized over others?
AP Euro Unit 7 Review

Quiz
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History
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12th Grade
•
Medium
Haley Mann
Used 23+ times
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24 questions
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1.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
2 mins • 1 pt
Shared religious beliefs
Common language
Strong military presence
Robust economic infrastructure
Answer explanation
19th century theorists emphasized that a common language fosters communication and unity among people, making it essential for the formation of a cohesive nation-state, more so than shared religious beliefs, military presence, or economic factors.
2.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
2 mins • 1 pt
Which two European countries, each with a rich history of regional diversity and political fragmentation, successfully unified in the latter half of the 19th century, driven by strong nationalist movements and strategic diplomacy?
France and Spain
Italy and Germany
Austria and Hungary
England and Scotland
Answer explanation
Italy and Germany unified in the late 19th century, driven by nationalism and regional conflicts, contrasting with the other options which did not experience similar unification during this period.
3.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
2 mins • 1 pt
Which historical entity served as the political boundary between Germany and Austria before the 19th century?
The French Republic
The Kingdom of Italy
The Holy Roman Empire
The Ottoman Empire
Answer explanation
The Holy Roman Empire was the political entity that encompassed both Germany and Austria before their unification, serving as a significant boundary between the two regions in terms of governance and influence.
4.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
2 mins • 1 pt
Evaluate the political dynamics and influences in central Italy prior to its unification, focusing on the dominant power structures and their interactions.
Predominantly influenced by the papacy, with significant interactions with other states
Heavily controlled by Napoleonic France, affecting local governance
Under the influence of the Spanish Habsburgs, with limited autonomy
Composed of various independent states, each with its own alliances
Answer explanation
Prior to unification, central Italy was predominantly influenced by the papacy, which held significant political and spiritual power. This influence shaped the region's governance and dynamics, making it a key player in Italian politics.
5.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
2 mins • 1 pt
Which philosophical movement, gaining prominence in the late 19th century, focused on empirical observation as the key method for understanding the world, thereby challenging traditional metaphysical approaches?
Rationalism
Positivism
Romanticism
Idealism
Answer explanation
Positivism, emerging in the late 19th century, emphasizes empirical observation as the key to understanding reality, directly opposing traditional metaphysical views that rely on speculation and intuition.
6.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
2 mins • 1 pt
What principle is emphasized by social Darwinism in the evolution of human societies?
Mutual aid and cooperation
Survival of the fittest and competition
Universal equality and justice
Selflessness and altruism
Answer explanation
Social Darwinism emphasizes 'survival of the fittest' and competition as key drivers of societal development, suggesting that stronger individuals or groups prevail over weaker ones in the struggle for existence.
7.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
2 mins • 1 pt
Which psychological school of thought, known for its complex theories on the unconscious mind and dream interpretation, was founded by Sigmund Freud?
Psychoanalysis
Behaviorism
Humanism
Cognitivism
Answer explanation
The correct answer is Relativism. Sigmund Freud founded psychoanalysis, which explores the unconscious mind and dream interpretation, but it is not classified as Relativism. The other options do not relate to Freud's theories.
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