Unit 4: Force & Motion

Velocity

• The rate of change of position of an object.

• Speed and direction of a moving object.

• The distance traveled by an object in a given time.

• The maximum speed an object can achieve.

Displacement

• The distance traveled by an object in a straight line.

• The amount by which a thing is moved from its original position.

• The total path length covered by an object during its motion.

• The change in speed of an object over time.

Inertia

• Resistance of an object to change in its motion.

• The force that causes an object to move in a circular path.

• The speed of an object in a straight line.

• The mass of an object multiplied by its velocity.

Mass

• The amount of matter in an object.

• The weight of an object in a vacuum.

• The volume of an object measured in liters.

• The density of an object calculated by mass divided by volume.

2nd Class Lever

• The output force is located between the input force and fulcrum - i.e a wheelbarrow.

• The input force is located between the output force and fulcrum - i.e a seesaw.

• The fulcrum is located between the input force and output force - i.e a pair of scissors.

• The output force is located at one end, and the input force is at the other end - i.e a crowbar.

3rd Class Lever

• The input force is located between the output force and fulcrum - i.e. a baseball bat.

• The fulcrum is located between the input force and output force - i.e. a seesaw.

• The output force is located between the input force and fulcrum - i.e. a wheelbarrow.

• The input force is applied at one end, and the output force is at the other end - i.e. a crowbar.

Distance

• An amount of space between two things or people.

• A measure of time taken to travel a certain path.

• The speed at which an object moves in a given direction.

• The total area covered by an object.

Force

• A type of energy stored in an object.

• A push or a pull exerted on an object.

• The speed of an object in motion.

• The mass of an object multiplied by its velocity.

Speed

• Distance an object travels per unit of time.

• The rate at which an object accelerates.

• The total distance covered by an object.

• The time taken to cover a specific distance.

Mechanical Advantage (MA)

• Ratio of the output force exerted by a machine to the input force applied to the machine.

• The measure of how much a machine multiplies force.

• The difference between input and output energy in a machine.

• The speed at which a machine operates.