Unit 6 Vocabulary

Sector Model

• a model of urban planning that focuses on circular zones

• a model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are arranged around a series of sectors, or wedges, radiating out from the central business district

• a model that emphasizes the importance of transportation routes in city development

• a model that describes the hierarchical organization of cities based on population size

Megacity

• An urban settlement with a total population in excess of 20 million people

• A city with a population between 10 and 20 million people

• A small town with a population of less than 1 million people

• A rural area with no significant urban development

Redlining

• A process where banks lend money without restrictions

• A method of urban planning to improve neighborhoods

• A process by which financial institutions draw red-colored lines on a map and refuse to lend money for people to purchase or improve property within the lines

• A strategy to promote equal housing opportunities

Suburb

• A residential area located in the countryside

• A commercial area in the central city

• A residential or commercial area situated within an urban area outside the central city

• An industrial zone on the outskirts of a city

Multiple Nuclei Model

• a model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are arranged around a collection of nodes of activities

• a theory that suggests cities grow outward from a central point in a series of concentric rings

• a framework that describes urban areas as having multiple centers of economic activity

• a concept that emphasizes the role of transportation in shaping urban development

Gravity Model

• A model that states that the potential use of service at a location is directly related to the number of people and inversely related to the distance they must travel.

• A model that suggests that services are evenly distributed across a region regardless of population density.

• A model that indicates that the potential use of service is only related to the distance people must travel.

• A model that claims that the number of services available is directly proportional to the distance from the population.

Gentrification

• A process of converting an urban neighborhood from a predominantly low-income, renter-occupied area to a predominantly middle-class, owner-occupied area

• A method of urban planning that focuses on preserving historical buildings

• A strategy for increasing public transportation in urban areas

• A trend of increasing crime rates in urban neighborhoods

Food Desert

• An area that has a substantial amount of low-income residents and has poor access to a grocery store

• A region with abundant grocery stores and high-income residents

• A place where food is plentiful and affordable for everyone

• An area with limited access to fresh produce and healthy food options

Galactic (Peripheral) Model

• A model of urban areas with a central business district surrounded by industrial zones

• A model of North American urban areas consisting of an inner city surrounded by large suburban residential and business areas tied together by a beltway or ring road

• A model that emphasizes the importance of public transportation in urban planning

• A model that describes urban areas as a series of concentric circles with varying land use

Concentric Zone Model

• a model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are spatially arranged in a series of rings

• a theory that explains urban growth based on economic factors

• a framework for understanding the distribution of wealth in urban areas

• a design for urban planning that emphasizes green spaces and parks