Unit 1 Summative - Properties of Matter

Sodium has an atomic number of 11 and has a net charge of 0. When sodium combines with chlorine, it has a net charge of +1. Why?

• Sodium loses a negative electron when forming chemical bonds.

• Sodium gains a + proton when forming chemical bonds.

• Sodium loses a + proton when forming chemical bonds.

• Sodium shares a negative electron with chlorine.

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Mendeleev noticed that if he organized the elements by atomic weight certain patterns emerged. For instance, elements in the same group appeared to have the same

• Valence electrons

• Melting point

• Isotopic ratio

• Number of neutrons

Nonmetals in the periodic table have a negative (-) oxidation number. Which statement BEST explains why?

• Nonmetals are known to add protons to their nuclei causing them to become negatively charged.

• Nonmetals lose one or more valence electrons to become stable, giving them a negative oxidation number.

• Nonmetals gain one or more valence electrons to become stable, giving them a negative oxidation number.

• Nonmetals are known to lose protons and add neutrons to their nuclei causing them to become negatively charged.

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During a reaction, a halogen chemically combines with a Group 1 element to form a compound. How does this reaction occur, based on the atomic structure of each element?

• A halogen atom (group 17) loses an electron to an atom of a Group 1 element.

• A halogen (group 17) atom gains an electron from an atom of a Group 1 element.

• A halogen atom (group 17) loses an electron to an atom of a Group 1 element.

• A halogen atom (group 17) shares an electron with an atom of a Group 1 element.

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Elaborate on what can be learned about the properties by the location of an element on the periodic table. Use atomic number 13 as an example.

• It is a non-metal, has 3 valence electrons, becomes a cation with a -3 charge, and is brittle, moldable, and non-conductive.

• It is a metalloid, has 3 valence electrons, becomes a cation with a -5 charge, and is workable, inelastic, and non-conductive.

• It is a main group metal, has 3 valence electrons, becomes a cation with a +3 charge, and is ductile, malleable, and conductive.

• It is a transition element, has one valence electron, becomes a cation with a +1 charge, and is ductile, malleable, and conductive.

Which of these elements is likely to be magnesium, the most metallic of all the samples?

• A

• B

• C

• D

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Based on the list of properties the element would be classified as a
Yellow
Powdery
Dull
Poor conductor

• Metal

• Metalloid

• Nonmetal

• Semi metal

What type of ions do metals form?

• Negative

• Neutral

• Positive

• Metals do not form ions

What can you conclude about the classification of Aluminum?

• Aluminum is a noble gas and has a full valence electron shell, is chemically, non-reactive, odorless colorless, and a liquid at room temperature.

• Aluminum is a metal, shiny, ductile, malleable, good conductor, and a solid at room temperature.

• Aluminum is a nonmetal and is brittle, poor conductor, dull and is a solid at room temperature.

• Aluminum is a metalloid and has properties of both metals and nonmetals, and has luster, is brittle, a poor conductor, and is a gas at room temperature.

Which element can be described by the list of properties? Solid at room temperature Malleable Ductile Shiny Has 2 valence electrons

• Magnesium

• Mercury

• Neon

• Phosphorus