Continuity Equation

Mr. Anderson explains the continuity equation, an application of mass conservation in fluids. He discusses how changes in a fire hose's diameter affect fluid velocity, using the continuity equation A1V1 = A2V2. The video covers mass and volume flow rates, demonstrating with a PhET simulation. A practical problem is solved, showing how to calculate velocity changes when the nozzle size is altered. The video aims to help students understand and apply the continuity equation in fluid dynamics.

What fundamental principle is the continuity equation based on?

• Conservation of momentum

• Conservation of energy

• Conservation of charge

• Conservation of mass

How does the velocity of a fluid change when the cross-sectional area decreases, according to the continuity equation?

• Velocity remains constant

• Velocity becomes zero

• Velocity decreases

• Velocity increases

In the continuity equation, what happens to the density of water as it moves through a pipe?

• Density remains constant

• Density decreases

• Density increases

• Density fluctuates

What is the formula used to calculate the cross-sectional area in the continuity equation?

• pi * radius

• 2 * pi * radius

• pi * diameter

• pi * radius^2

If a fire hose has a diameter of 7.5 cm and a velocity of 4.0 m/s, what is the velocity when the nozzle diameter is reduced to 2.3 cm?

• 43 m/s

• 20 m/s

• 5 m/s

• 10 m/s