Speciation and Extinction

The video explores the concepts of speciation and extinction, explaining how species evolve into new ones or disappear entirely. It uses examples like the Tapuiasaurus and the three-spined stickleback to illustrate speciation. The video also discusses adaptive radiation, where species rapidly diversify, and mass extinctions, highlighting the K-T extinction event that led to the disappearance of dinosaurs. The interplay between evolution, environment, and these processes is emphasized.

What is the process called when one species evolves into two distinct species?

• Radiation

• Isolation

• Extinction

• Speciation

In the Loberg Lake experiment, what was the main predator of the sticklebacks?

• Trout

• Eagles

• Salmon

• Dragonfly larva

Why did the low-armored sticklebacks become more prevalent in Loberg Lake?

• They were better at avoiding predators

• They had more offspring

• They grew faster than fully armored sticklebacks

• They were introduced in larger numbers

What is adaptive radiation?

• The extinction of multiple species at once

• The rapid evolution of species to fill new niches

• The gradual change of a species over time

• The isolation of a species from its environment

Which bird is an example of adaptive radiation in Hawaii?

• Parrot

• Honey creeper

• Finch

• Sparrow

What percentage of species that have ever existed are now extinct?

• 50%

• 75%

• 99.9%

• 25%

Which of the following is NOT a cause of recent extinctions?

• Climate change

• Human pressure

• Alien invasion

• Natural disasters

What is the term for the extinction event that wiped out the dinosaurs?

• Cretaceous-Triassic extinction

• Permian-Triassic extinction

• Late Devonian extinction

• Ordovician-Silurian extinction

What evidence supports the asteroid impact theory for the K-T extinction?

• Increased volcanic activity

• A layer of iridium found globally

• Rising sea levels

• Massive earthquakes

What is the significance of the K-T boundary in the fossil record?

• It indicates the disappearance of dinosaurs

• It shows the first appearance of mammals

• It marks the beginning of the dinosaur era

• It marks the end of the ice age