Matter and energy

Which statement describes the flow of matter and energy in decomposers?

• • A decomposer digests living organisms to produce energy, water, and carbon dioxide.

• • A decomposer consumes dead or dying organisms to produce oxygen and sugars.

• • A decomposer consumes dead or dying organisms to produce oxygen and sugars.

• • A decomposer breaks down decaying matter to produce energy and release nutrients back into the environment.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

The diagram shows a chloroplast from a photosynthetic organism.

Which of these are the materials needed in order for this organelle to perform the process of photosynthesis?

• sunlight + water + oxygen

• • 
    

    sugar + sunlight + oxygen

• light energy + water + carbon dioxide

• chemical energy + sugar + water

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Photosynthetic algae live within the tissues of the organisms that build coral reefs. The coral organisms provide the algae with carbon dioxide for photosynthesis. The algae supply the corals with oxygen, sugar, and amino acids. Which statement best summarizes the sources of energy in the relationship between algae and coral? 

• • 
    

    Algae get their energy from sunlight and pass the energy to corals in the form of carbon dioxide.

• Algae capture chemical energy from the sun, and corals use the energy from the sun to form sugar molecules.

• Algae use energy from the sun and store it in chemical bonds in sugar. Corals use energy stored in the bonds of sugar molecules.

• Algae use chemical energy stored in the bonds of sugar molecules to produce solar energy. Corals use solar energy to power cellular processes.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

During photosynthesis, energy from sunlight is stored as chemical energy. How will the plant be able to release the energy in order to use it?

• by forming bonds of sugar

• by breaking bonds of water to form new molecules

• by breaking bonds of sugar to form new molecules

• by breaking bonds of oxygen to form new molecules

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS1-7

The diagram shows how energy can move through an ecosystem.

Which organism would complete the diagram?

• tree

• worm

• eagle

• mushroom

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Decomposers cycle matter and energy between which of these?

• water and soil

• producers and consumers

• dead animals and scavengers

• remains of living things and the environment

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

This energy pyramid shows how much energy is transferred from one level to the next in an ecosystem. The amount of energy at each level is given in joules (J).

Predict the amount of energy available at the secondary consumer level based on the observed pattern.

• 0.1 J

• 10 J

• 100 J

• 10,000 J

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells break down sugars and oxygen to create carbon dioxide, water, and energy. A scientist observes an animal cell and concludes that cellular respiration has taken place.

Which of these observations or evidence support the scientist’s conclusion? Select all that apply.

• Sugar increases.

• Oxygen is consumed.

• Water levels are constant.

• Carbon dioxide is produced.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

What is the cat performing by getting energy from food?

• carbon cycle

• cellular respiration

• Decomposition

• photosynthesis

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Number 2 in the image showing the tree doing what?

• cellular respiration

• Nitrogen cycle

• Decomposition

• Photosynthesis

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6