What is the core part of the operating system that manages system resources?

• Device Driver

• File System

• Kernel

• User Interface

Which type of kernel runs all OS components, including device drivers, in the same memory space?

• Microkernel

• Monolithic Kernel

• Hybrid Kernel

• Modular Kernel

What is a key advantage of a microkernel architecture?

• Increased security and stability

• Faster performance

• Fewer context switches

• Complete control over hardware

Which OS kernel type combines the benefits of both monolithic and microkernel architectures?

• Monolithic Kernel

• Microkernel

• Hybrid Kernel

• Layered Kernel

What is the primary role of the kernel?

• Manage system resources and communicate with hardware

• Run user applications directly

• Display the graphical user interface

• Handle only memory management

What mode allows the CPU to execute any instruction and access all hardware resources?

• Kernel Mode

• User Mode

• Protected Mode

• Privileged Mode

Why is user mode important in an operating system?

• Provides full access to hardware

• Restricts applications from directly accessing hardware

• Eliminates the need for system calls

• Prevents the execution of all system services

What happens when an application in user mode requires access to restricted system resources?

• It makes a system call

• It bypasses the kernel

• It directly accesses the hardware

• It runs in kernel mode temporarily

Which of the following is NOT a function of the kernel?

• Process scheduling

• Rendering the graphical user interface

• Memory management

• Device communication

What term describes a critical system error where the kernel encounters an unrecoverable issue?

• Kernel Panic

• Memory Leak

• Segmentation Fault

• Deadlock