Coordination and response

Neurons transmit __________ ___________ along their axons, allowing rapid communication between the brain, spinal cord, and the rest of the body. These impulses, known as action potentials, enable the coordination of physiological responses and movement.

The central nervous system consists of the _____ and _______ ____.

The __________ _______ ______ consists of the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord.

A reflex arc involves five main components: ________, _______ neurone, _____ neurone, _____ neurone, and ________.

A synapse is a junction between two neurones where _________________ are released.

In a reflex action, what type of neurone carries impulses from the receptor to the CNS?

• Motor neurone

• Relay Neurone

• Sensory Neurone

• Spinal Neurone

What is the correct sequence of events at a synapse?

• Neurotransmitter molecules bind with

  receptor proteins on the next neurone.

• An electrical impulse is stimulated in the next neurone.

• An impulse stimulates the release of

  neurotransmitter molecules from vesicles

  into the synaptic gap.

•  The neurotransmitter molecules diffuse

  across the gap.

Why do synapses ensure that impulses travel in one direction only?

• Because neurotransmitter vesicles are only found in one neurone.

• Because impulses travel faster in one direction.

• Because the brain controls the direction.

• • Because the spinal cord blocks reverse signals.

Which of the following best describes a reflex action and its role in the body?

• An involuntary movement controlled by the brain that occurs slowly in response to stimuli.

• An automatic and rapid response to stimuli that coordinates with effectors like muscles and glands.

• A conscious reaction that requires decision-making before a response is made.

• An automatic and rapid response to pain that coordinates with effectors like muscles and tendons.

Identify the sensory neurone, relay neurone, and motor neurone in the following diagram.

a

b

c

Sensory neurone

Relay neurone

Motor neurone