Plant and Muscle Cell Biology

What type of meristematic tissue allows for the increase in diameter of a stem?

• xylem

• epidermis

• phloem

• cambium

Which type of muscle cell is unbranched and spindle-shaped?

• striated muscle cells

• smooth muscle cells

• cardiac muscle cells

• skeletal muscle cells

What are the conducting cells of the xylem called?

• Tracheids and vessel elements

• Phloem fibers

• Root hairs

• Sieve elements

What is the primary function of cambium in plants?

• To protect the plant from pests and diseases.

• To store nutrients for the plant.

• To absorb sunlight for photosynthesis.

• The primary function of cambium in plants is to facilitate secondary growth by producing new xylem and phloem.

Which muscle type is controlled by the autonomic nervous system?

• Voluntary muscle

• Skeletal muscle

• Striated muscle

• Smooth muscle and cardiac muscle

What is the shape of smooth muscle cells?

• Spindle-shaped and elongated

• Cuboidal and compact

• Flat and irregular

• Triangular and short

What do tracheids primarily conduct in plants?

• Water and dissolved minerals

• Nutrients and sugars

• Light and heat

• Carbon dioxide and oxygen

What type of tissue is responsible for secondary growth in stems?

• Cork cambium

• Vascular cambium

• Phloem

• Xylem

How many nuclei are typically found in smooth muscle cells?

• One nucleus

• Multiple nuclei

• Two nuclei

• No nuclei

What proteins are found in smooth muscle cells?

• Insulin, glucagon, leptin

• Actin, myosin, tropomyosin, calmodulin, desmin, vimentin

• Hemoglobin, albumin, fibrinogen

• Collagen, elastin, keratin