GPN 21 Kuznet Curves

Kuznet Curves illustrate the relationship between....

• Income and environmental degradation

• Population growth and food supply

• Technology and unemployment

• Education and economic growth.

In the Kuznet Curve, what happens to the severity of environmental impacts as a country becomes MIC?

• Decrease

• Increase

• Remain constant

• Fluctuate

In the post-industrial stage of the Kuznet Curve, rising income ______ environmental impacts.

• Increases

• Reduces

• Has no effect on

• Fluctuates

According to the Kuznet Curve, what is the 'income turning point'?

• The point where income starts to decrease

• The point where environmental degradation starts to decrease

• The point where population growth stabilizes

• The point where technological advancement peaks.

What is one criticism of the Kuznet Curve model?

• It ignores economic growth

• It oversimplifies the relationship between income and environmental impact

• It focuses too much on technology

• It underestimates population growth.

Which word beginning with O means that HICs get many environmentally-damaging processes done overseas?

Fill in the blank: The text suggests that moving to a high-income stage without environmental issues requires ______.

• political will

• technological advancement

• population control

• economic growth

Which income level does the Kuznet Curve imply will have the greatest environmental cost?

• HIC

• MIC

• LIC

What is the name for the manufacturing zone in Mexico which is a good example of USA TNCs offshoring or outsourcing environmentally-intensive manufacturing processes?

(Hint: M)

Which theory, related to Kuznet Curves measures the amount of land and water required to sustain for lifestyle?

• Carbon footprint

• Water footprint

• Ecological footprint

• Food miles