Reading and listening test

According to paragraph 1, why do researchers question the independent development of agriculture in Africa?

• 1. African lakes and rivers already supplied sufficient sustenance for people to survive without agriculture.

• 1. The initial instances of cultivated plants found in Africa are indigenous to Asia.

• 1. Africa's indigenous plants pose considerable challenges for domestication.

• 1. African societies were not sufficiently populous to sustain agricultural practices.

In paragraph 1, what does the author imply about changes in the African environment during this time frame?

• 1. The climate was becoming gentler, enabling a broader range of crops to be cultivated.

• 1. Despite periods of aridity pushing individuals southward, they came back once their food supply was assured.

• 1. Population expansion along rivers and lakes was markedly reducing the availability of fish.

• 1. A region that had previously sustained numerous inhabitants was transforming into a desert where few could thrive.

According to paragraph 2, camels were significant because they

• 1. were the initial domesticated animals brought into Africa

• 1. enabled the inhabitants of the West African savannahs to establish vast empires

• 1. aided African populations in defending against Egyptian intruders

• 1. reduced the cost and effort of traversing the Sahara

The word "formidable" in the passage is closest in meaning to:

• 1. challenging

• 1. insignificant

• 1. impressive

• 1. delicate

"Bolstering" in the passage is closest in meaning to which of the following?

• 1. Synchronizing

• 1. Aligning

• 1. Conforming

• 1. Unifying

According to paragraph 4, which of the following were NOT among the social effects of the new metal technology in Africa?

• 1. The access to metal tools and weapons created greater social equality.

• 1. Metal weapons increased the power of warriors.

• 1. Iron tools helped increase the food supply.

• 1. Technical knowledge gave religious power to its holders.

LISTENING PART 1:

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Op2IQ11vrlkCuWYPNJrTOGWKcZYAqbhp/view?usp=sharing

1) Why did Freya primarily go to see Professor Dubois?

• To discuss how to manage stress.

• To seek advice about a presentation.

• To clarify the deadline for an assignment.

• To understand the scope of social media.

LISTENING PART 1.

2) What aspect of social media’s role in business is Freya most interested in?

• The speed at which it can effect change.

• Its ability to target specific customers.

• The fact that anyone can write posts.

• Its relationship with certain age groups.

LISTENING PART 1.

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Op2IQ11vrlkCuWYPNJrTOGWKcZYAqbhp/view?usp=sharing

3) Why does Freya mention TikTok during her conversation with Professor Dubois?

• To discuss its role in marketing and brand building.

• To illustrate its influence on politics and public opinion.

• To highlight the impact of social media on mental health.

• To show the prevalence of fake news and misinformation.

LISTENING PART 1 : https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Op2IQ11vrlkCuWYPNJrTOGWKcZYAqbhp/view?usp=sharing

4) In Professor Dubois’s opinion, what is the most important aspect of Freya’s presentation?

• • A. How much background knowledge Freya demonstrates .

• • B. How thorough the research behind it is.

• • C. How good the draft submitted on the 14th is.

• • D. How engaging the topic is for the audience