What is the primary purpose of a database?

• To store and organize structured data

• To replace spreadsheets completely

• To create graphical reports

• To execute programming code

What is the main advantage of using relational databases over flat-file systems?

• They store data in a single large table

• They require no structured format

• They allow efficient data storage with multiple linked tables

• They cannot be queried using SQL

Which of the following is an example of a Relational Database Management System (RDBMS)?

• JSON

• Microsoft SQL Server

• XML

• CSV

What is the function of a primary key in a relational database?

• It allows duplicate values within a table

• It serves as a unique identifier for each record in a table

• It links data between two different databases

• It is an optional field with no real purpose

What is the purpose of Data Manipulation Language (DML) commands in SQL?

• They modify the structure of a database

• They manage user permissions

• They allow inserting, updating, and retrieving data

• They define tables and columns

Which SQL command is used to add new records to a database table?

• SELECT

• INSERT INTO

• ALTER TABLE

• CREATE INDEX

What does “Garbage In, Garbage Out (GIGO)” imply in database management?

• Databases automatically fix bad data

• Poor data input leads to poor output results

• Only structured data can be stored

• Validation rules eliminate all errors

How does a key/value pair database store information?

• By using tables with rows and columns

• By storing object properties without predetermined fields

• By strictly following the relational model

• By using an Excel spreadsheet format

Which of the following is a characteristic of unstructured data?

• It follows strict column and table definitions

• It is defined using a structured relational model

• It lacks predefined data organization

• It cannot be stored in databases

In a three-tier application architecture, what is the role of the middle tier?

• It stores and processes all database transactions

• It serves as the presentation layer for users

• It manages application logic and business rules

• It directly connects the client to the database