Properties and Changes of Matter

Physical Change

• A change in matter's physical properties, such as salt dissolving in water.

• A change that alters the chemical composition of a substance.

• A process that results in the formation of a new substance.

• A reaction that releases energy in the form of heat.

Physical Properties

• Properties that are measurable or can be seen, such as color, hardness, and length.

• Properties that cannot be measured, such as taste and smell.

• Properties that change when the substance is heated or cooled.

• Properties that are only visible under a microscope.

Gas

• A state of matter with a fixed volume and shape.

• A state of matter that can be compressed and has a definite shape.

• A state of matter without a fixed volume or shape, taking the shape of its container.

• A state of matter that exists only at extremely low temperatures.

Solid

• A state of matter with a definite shape and volume.

• A state of matter that flows and takes the shape of its container.

• A state of matter that has no definite shape or volume.

• A state of matter that can be compressed easily.

Example of Mixture

• Salted popcorn.

• Pure water.

• Oxygen gas.

• Gold metal.

Liquid

• A state of matter with a fixed volume but not a fixed shape.

• A state of matter with both fixed volume and fixed shape.

• A state of matter that has no definite volume or shape.

• A state of matter that can be compressed easily.

Example of Chemical Reaction

• Paper burning and forming new substances.

• Water freezing into ice.

• Salt dissolving in water.

• Iron rusting in the presence of oxygen.

Example of Chemical Change

• Rust forming on metal.

• Melting of ice into water.

• Dissolving sugar in water.

• Breaking a glass bottle.

Matter

• Anything that has mass and is one of the states of matter.

• A substance that can only exist in solid form.

• A type of energy that can be converted into mass.

• A phenomenon that occurs in a vacuum.

Chemical Reaction

• A process where substances change chemically to form new substances.

• A physical change that does not alter the chemical composition of substances.

• A method of separating mixtures into their individual components.

• A reaction that occurs only in the presence of heat.