Diagnostic Exam on Robotics

What is electric current?

• The movement of positive ions in a conductive material.

• The flow of electrons through a conductive material due to a potential difference.

• The opposition of a material to electricity.

• The amount of light emitted by an LED.

In what unit is electric current measured?

• Volts (V)

• Ohms (Ω)

• Amperes (A)

• Coulombs (C)

What is the correct mathematical representation of Ohm's Law?

• V=I×R

• P=V×I

• I=V/R

• Both a and c.

What is a diode and what is its main function?

• A component that only allows current to flow in one direction, blocking reverse current.

• A component that temporarily stores electrical charge.

• A component that converts alternating current into direct current.

• A component that amplifies signals in a circuit.

What is a transistor used for in a circuit?

• To amplify, switch, or regulate an electrical signal.

• To convert direct current into alternating current.

• To generate light in optoelectronic circuits.

• To store large amounts of energy for future use.

Explain the difference between direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) and provide an example of an application for each.

Describe how components are connected in both series and parallel circuits. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each?

A circuit has a 24V power source and a 4Ω resistor. Calculate the current flowing through the circuit using Ohm's law. Show your calculations.

Mention four types of sensors used in robotics and explain their specific applications.

What is a capacitor, how does its capacitance affect circuit performance, and in what applications is it commonly used?