Coach Book Chapters 1-2

Which of the following correctly compares the structure of an atom, ion, and isotope?

• Atoms have the same number of protons and electrons; ions have unequal numbers; isotopes have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

• Atoms and ions have the same number of protons, but isotopes have more protons than neutrons.

• Ions and isotopes have the same number of protons, but atoms have more electrons.

• Atoms have more neutrons than protons, while ions have more protons than neutrons.

What is the atomic number of an element and where is it located on the periodic table?

• The number of protons in an atom, typically located above the element symbol.

• The number of neutrons, typically located to the left of the element symbol.

• The number of electrons in an atom, found below the element symbol.

• The sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus, located at the bottom of the element block.

Which of the following is a correct statement about isotopes?

• Isotopes have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.

• Isotopes have different numbers of protons but the same number of neutrons.

• Isotopes have different numbers of electrons but the same number of protons.

• Isotopes have different numbers of protons and neutrons.

What is the general trend in the number of valence electrons as you move across a period (row) from left to right on the periodic table?

• The number of valence electrons decreases.

• The number of valence electrons stays the same.

• The number of valence electrons increases

Which of the following elements is most likely to form a positive ion (cation)?

• Oxygen (O)

• Magnesium (Mg)

• Chlorine (Cl)

• Argon (Ar)

Where on the periodic table would you expect to find metalloids?

• In the far-left column

• Along the zigzag line between metals and nonmetals

• In the far-right column

• At the bottom of the table

Which group of elements on the periodic table is most likely to form ions with a charge of -1?

• Alkali metals

• Alkali earth metals

• Halogens

• Noble gases

Using the periodic table, which element has 5 valence electrons and is likely to form covalent bonds?

• Lithium (Li)

• Nitrogen (N)

• Potassium (K)

• Neon (Ne)

Which of the following elements is a liquid at room temperature?

• Helium

• Chlorine

• Mercury

• Iron

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

What property of elements in Group 18 (Noble Gases) explains why they are largely unreactive?

• They have a full outer shell of electrons.

• They have an excess of neutrons.

• They are metals with high electrical conductivity.

• They are located at the bottom of the periodic table.