Biological Concepts and Examples

What is an example of gene flow in fish populations?

• Fish migrating between different river systems

• Fish changing color during mating season

• Fish developing resistance to pollutants

• Fish increasing in size over generations

Sea turtles from different regions of the ocean come together to breed, exchanging genetic material that leads to a more diverse gene pool. This is an example of ________.

• gene flow

• genetic drift

• natural selection

• mutation

Overfishing in certain areas can drastically reduce the population size of a marine species, leading to a bottleneck effect.

• True

• False

A hurricane wipes out a large portion of a coral reef population, leaving only a small group of survivors with limited genetic variation. This is an example of which effect?

• Bottleneck effect

• Founder effect

• Natural selection

• Genetic drift

A small group of fish from a larger population is swept away to a remote island reef by strong currents, where they establish a new population with limited genetic diversity. This is an example of ________.

• founder effect

• genetic drift

• natural selection

• gene flow

Which of the following is an example of mimicry in an ocean ecosystem?

• A coral species develops resistance to increased ocean temperatures.

• A harmless fish species mimics the color pattern of a venomous species to avoid predation.

• Dolphins cooperate in hunting to increase their survival rate.

• A fish species develops the ability to digest new food sources in its environment.

Which of the following is an example of a vestigial structure in marine animals?

• The tail fin of a whale, which helps it swim.

• The pelvic bones of a whale, which are remnants of its land-dwelling ancestors.

• The gills of a fish, used for respiration.

• The claws of a crab, used for defense and feeding.

Which of the following is an example of homologous structures in marine animals?

• The wings of a bird and the flippers of a penguin, both used for flight and swimming.

• The dorsal fins of sharks and dolphins, which serve similar purposes in stabilizing movement in water.

• The jaws of fish and amphibians, which perform similar functions in capturing prey.

• The eyes of a squid and a human, both used for vision in a similar manner.

Fossils of ancient marine animals, such as trilobites, are important to the study of evolution because they:

• Show how marine animals have adapted to changing temperatures.

• Reveal the fossilized remains of extinct marine organisms, helping scientists understand the development of marine life over time.

• Provide direct evidence of environmental changes that have occurred in the ocean.

• Offer insight into how ocean ecosystems function today.

Biochemical evidence for evolution is supported by the fact that:

• The DNA of all living organisms is identical.

• Different species of marine organisms have similar DNA sequences, suggesting common ancestry.

• Marine organisms evolve without any genetic changes.

• Only marine organisms share a similar genetic code.