Quizs: Chap 17 Part 2- Translation

Redundancy of the code

• Refers to multiple codons coding for the same amino acid, providing a buffer against mutations.

• Indicates that some amino acids are coded by a single codon only.

• Describes the process of removing unnecessary code from a program.

• Refers to the use of multiple programming languages in a single project.

1 Codon Codes for ___ Amino Acid (how many?)

• 
• 2

• 3

• 4

Cell Responsibility in Gene Expression

• Certain cells express specific genes while others express different genes.

• All cells express the same genes regardless of their type.

• Skin cells produce insulin and antibodies.

• All cells in the body have identical gene expression.

Elongation Phase of Translation

• 
• The initiation of protein synthesis

• The termination of protein synthesis

• The folding of the polypeptide into its functional shape

Bound ribosome

• 
• A ribosome that floats freely in the cytoplasm

• A ribosome that is involved in mitochondrial protein synthesis

• A ribosome that is only found in prokaryotic cells

No ambiguity in genetic coding

• 
• Genetic code is ambiguous

• Genetic code varies by species

• Genetic code is not related to proteins

Translocation process in ribosomes

• 
• The synthesis of ribosomal RNA

• The binding of mRNA to the ribosome

• The release of polypeptide chains from the ribosome

Describe chemical reaction of forming a peptide bond

• 
• A peptide bond is formed through a condensation reaction between two amino acids.

• A peptide bond is formed by the addition of a water molecule to an amino acid.

• A peptide bond is formed by the direct interaction of amino acid side chains.

Steps of Translation

• Initiation, elongation, translocation, and termination

• Replication, transcription, translation, and termination

• Initiation, elongation, replication, and termination

• Elongation, translocation, replication, and termination

tRNA anticodon

• A sequence of 3 bases on tRNA that pairs with the mRNA codon.

• A sequence of 4 bases on mRNA that pairs with the tRNA codon.

• A type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome.

• A sequence of 3 bases on mRNA that determines the amino acid sequence.