Sectionalism Vocab

Sectionalism

• region’s geography impacted its economy; North built factories, South farmed, West mined; a cause of the Civil War

• North and South agreed; California became

  a free state; strict fugitive slave law was passed

• part of the Compromise of 1850; runaway

  slaves and free Blacks were at risk of being captured by slave hunter

• textile mills, trade, factories, immigrant labor,

  some trade-related slave labor

Northern economy

• caused by U.S. annexing Texas; border dispute

  between Texas and Mexico

• textile mills, trade, factories, immigrant labor,

  some trade-related slave labor

• major debate leading up to Civil War; Republican Party

  (Lincoln) against its spread into new territories

• North and South agreed; California became

  a free state; strict fugitive slave law was passed

Southern Economy

• Irish came to U.S. because of potato famine, worked

  in factories/Transcontinental Railroad; blamed by nativists for taking

  jobs away

• textile mills, trade, factories, immigrant labor,

  some trade-related slave labor

• granted citizenship to African Americans; all

  Americans were to be treated equally under the law; reversed the

  Dred Scott v. Sandford ruling

• plantation system, slave labor; cotton

  produced and sent to Northern factories

Western Economy

• mining (precious metals) and agriculture

  (farming and livestock)

• more factories, railroads, and money, and

  leadership of General Grant

• - economy with little gov’t regulation; based off

  supply and demand; developed in response to strong colonial trade

  laws

• population increased; Chinese immigrants came to the U.S. and later worked on Transcontinental Railroad and

  faced discrimination

Compromise of 1850

• North and South agreed; California became

  a free state; strict fugitive slave law was passed

• worked to help newly freed slaves by

  providing: 1) education, 2) clothing/food, 3) jobs

• granted citizenship to African Americans; all

  Americans were to be treated equally under the law; reversed the

  Dred Scott v. Sandford ruling

• process for admitting new states to

  U.S., population requirement to apply = 60,000 settlers;

  territories govern themselves

Fugitive Slave Law

• gave voting rights to African American males;

  Southerners resisted by creating poll taxes

  88 Hiram Rhodes Revels - 1st African American

• temporarily relieved sectional differences

  by maintaining the balance between the number of free and slave

  states in the Union

• major debate leading up to Civil War; Republican Party

  (Lincoln) against its spread into new territories

• part of the Compromise of 1850; runaway

  slaves and free Blacks were at risk of being captured by slave hunters

Kansas Nebraska Act

• allowed Kansas settlers to vote whether or

  not to permit slavery in the territory; violence erupted; slavery

  prohibited

• caused by U.S. annexing Texas; border dispute

  between Texas and Mexico

• acquired from Britain in a treaty; U.S. achieved

  goal of Manifest Destiny

• land U.S. acquired after U.S.-Mexican War in

  the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo; led to debates over expansion of

  slavery into new territories

Slavery

• expanded cotton production and the need for more

  agricultural labor (slaves)

• major debate leading up to Civil War; Republican Party

  (Lincoln) against its spread into new territories

• textile mills, trade, factories, immigrant labor,

  some trade-related slave labor

• farming system in which former slaves and poor

  whites were trapped in a cycle of debt