Biological Evolution: Genetics

DNA determines the traits of an organism by:

• encoding genetic information that guides development and functioning

• providing energy for cellular processes

• acting as a structural component of cells

• regulating the body's temperature

What are genes?

• Large segments of DNA that determine a trait.

• Small segments of DNA that determine a trait.

• Proteins that determine a trait.

• Cells that determine a trait.

What are alleles?

• Different forms of a gene.

• The entire set of genes in an organism.

• Proteins that determine traits.

• Cells that carry genetic information.

What is genetic diversity in a healthy population?

• A variety of genes combining in different ways

• A single type of gene present

• No genetic variation

• Only dominant genes present.

Genetic variety helps a population survive sudden stress such as disease or environmental change because:

• it increases the chances of some individuals having traits that allow them to survive.

• it ensures all individuals are identical and respond the same way.

• it reduces the need for adaptation to new environments.

• it guarantees that no individuals will be affected by the stress.

What does natural selection act on?

• Genotype

• Phenotype

• Population

• Individual

What is the term used for the groups that biologists organize living organisms into?

• Taxa

• Species

• Habitats

• Ecosystems

What is the basis for grouping species in Linnaean Classification?

• A) Similarities in physical traits

• B) Differences in habitat

• C) Genetic differences

• D) Behavioral traits

What system uses two names to classify species in Linnaean Classification?

• Trinomial system

• Binomial system

• Uninomial system

• Multinomial system

What is the correct order of the Linnaean Classification hierarchy?

• A) Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

• B) Kingdom, Domain, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

• C) Phylum, Domain, Kingdom, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

• D) Class, Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Order, Family, Genus, Species