Mechanisms of Evolution

Example of Gene flow:

• Deer from one population moving to another area and interbreeding with the local deer population.

• A tree spreading its seeds through the wind to a distant location.

• Fish migrating to a different river without interbreeding.

• Birds flying south for the winter without mixing with local species.

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What is Natural Selection?

• A process where organisms are eliminated due to environmental changes.

• A method of breeding organisms for desired traits.

• The process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

• A theory that explains the origin of species through random mutations.

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What is Genetic Drift?

• A mechanism of evolution involving random changes in allele frequency in a population.

• A process that ensures all alleles in a population remain constant over time.

• A method of artificial selection used in breeding programs.

• A type of genetic mutation that occurs in large populations.

What is the significance of Mutation in evolution?

• Mutations have no impact on genetic variation.

• Mutations introduce new genetic variations, which can lead to new traits that may be beneficial for survival.

• Mutations only occur in response to environmental changes.

• Mutations are always harmful to the organism.

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Why is understanding these mechanisms important?

• It helps explain how species evolve and adapt over time.

• It provides insights into historical events.

• It allows for better technological advancements.

• It simplifies complex scientific theories.

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How does Non-random mating affect a population?

• It can lead to increased frequency of certain traits and reduce genetic diversity within a population.

• It has no effect on the population's genetic structure.

• It increases the overall genetic diversity of the population.

• It causes a decrease in the population size.

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Example of Mutation:

• A pig developing the ability to walk and do karate due to a genetic change.

• A cat learning to swim after a few lessons.

• A dog that can bark in different languages.

• A bird that can fly at night due to a new diet.

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What is Mutation?

• A change in the genetic code of an organism, which can lead to new traits or abilities.

• A process that only occurs in plants to adapt to their environment.

• A type of disease caused by genetic factors.

• An irreversible change in an organism's physical appearance.

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Example of Non-random mating:

• Yellow toucan birds preferring to mate with other yellow toucans rather than green toucans.

• Green toucan birds mating randomly with any color toucan.

• Yellow toucan birds only mating with toucans of different colors.

• Yellow toucan birds choosing mates based on their size.

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What is an example of Natural Selection?

• A species of insects developing camouflage to avoid predators, leading to higher survival rates.

• A group of animals migrating to find food during winter.

• A plant species growing taller to reach sunlight in a dense forest.

• A fish species changing color to blend in with the ocean floor.

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