OTD 334 Foundations of Research Quiz 1

Which of the following is considered the gold standard for assessing causality in intervention studies?

• Single-subject design

• Randomized controlled trial (RCT)

• Quasi-experimental design

• Descriptive survey

Quasi-experimental designs differ from RCTs because:

• They lack a control group

• They do not involve an intervention

• They do not use random assignment to groups

• They are only used in qualitative research

In single-subject designs (SSDs), which of the following is a key feature?

• Comparison between a treatment and control group

• Random allocation of participants

• Repeat measurements within subjects

• One-time data collection before the intervention

What is the main difference between a correlational study and an experimental study?

• Correlational studies use random assignment

• Experimental studies examine linear relationships

• Correlational studies do not manipulate variables, while experimental studies do

• Experimental studies cannot establish causation

Which of the following study designs collects data at a single point in time?

• Retrospective study

• Prospective study

• Longitudinal study

• Cross-sectional study

Systematic reviews differ from meta-analyses because:

• Meta-analyses statistically combine results from multiple studies

• Meta-analyses include a summary of all primary research

• Systematic reviews involve statistical pooling of data

• Systematic reviews analyze only a single study

Phenomenological research primarily focuses on:

• Studying an entire culture-sharing group

• Investigating cause-and-effect relationships

• Developing a new theory based on data

• Exploring the essence of participants’ lived experiences

What is the main goal of grounded theory research?

• To describe participants’ stories in chronological order

• To explore how individuals experience a specific phenomenon

• To develop a theory based on patterns emerging from data

• To analyze historical documents

Which of the following best describes ethnographic research?

• It investigates the shared values, behaviors, and beliefs of a culture-sharing group

• It focuses on a single individual’s life experiences

• It examines relationships between variables and people

• • It always involves structured surveys

Case study research involves:

• Analyzing data from large national surveys
  

• Examining a specific bounded system (a case) over time

• Conducting experiments in a controlled setting

• Collecting only numerical data to compare different interventions