Science Study Guide - Vocab Unit 5

What is matter?

• Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.

• Matter is a type of energy.

• Matter is a form of light.

• Matter is a type of sound.

Answer explanation

Matter is defined as anything that has mass and occupies space, making the first answer choice correct. The other options incorrectly describe matter as energy, light, or sound.

What is a physical property?

• A characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing its identity.

• A change that results in the formation of new chemical substances.

• A measure of the amount of matter in an object.

• A property that depends on the amount of substance present.

Answer explanation

A physical property is a characteristic that can be observed or measured without altering the substance's identity, such as color, density, or boiling point. This distinguishes it from chemical properties, which involve changes in identity.

What is a chemical change?

• A change that involves the formation of new substances.

• A change that only affects the physical properties of a substance.

• A change that can be easily reversed.

• A change that does not involve any energy change.

Answer explanation

A chemical change is defined as a process that results in the formation of new substances, distinguishing it from physical changes, which only alter physical properties and can often be reversed.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

NGSS.MS-PS1-5

A reaction is:

• a process of change

• a type of chemical

• a form of energy

• a state of matter

Answer explanation

A reaction is defined as a process of change where substances interact to form new products, making 'a process of change' the correct choice. The other options do not accurately describe what a reaction entails.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

What is rust?

• The process of dead plants and animals breaking down over time.

• A reddish-brown coating that forms when iron reacts with water and oxygen.

• Has a definite shape and volume

• A change that creates a new substance

Answer explanation

Rust is a reddish-brown coating that forms when iron reacts with water and oxygen, indicating oxidation. This process is distinct from the other options, which describe different phenomena.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-5

Decay is a process that involves:

• growth and development

• breaking down or rotting

• formation of new substances

• increase in energy levels

Answer explanation

Decay is primarily characterized by the process of breaking down or rotting organic matter. This distinguishes it from growth, development, or energy increases, which are not associated with decay.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

What is mass?

• A measure of the amount of matter in an object

• The force exerted by gravity on an object

• The volume of an object

• The density of an object

Answer explanation

Mass is defined as a measure of the amount of matter in an object. It is not the same as weight, which is the force of gravity on an object, nor is it related to volume or density.

Volume is a measure of the amount of ________ that an object occupies.

• space

• mass

• weight

• density

Answer explanation

Volume measures the amount of space an object occupies. It quantifies how much three-dimensional space is contained within an object, making 'space' the correct answer, while mass, weight, and density refer to different properties.

What is density?

• How we measure length of an object

• The amount of space it takes up

• The mass of an object

• If something floats or sinks

Answer explanation

Density is a measure of how much mass is contained in a given volume. It determines whether an object will float or sink in a fluid, making 'if something floats or sinks' the correct choice.

A solid is a state of matter characterized by:

• Definite shape and volume

• No shape and definite volume

• Definite shape and no volume

• No shape and volume

Answer explanation

A solid is defined by having a definite shape and volume, meaning it retains its form and does not change shape unless acted upon by an external force. This distinguishes it from liquids and gases.

Tags

NGSS.5-PS1-3