AP Biology Unit 6 Review Pt1: The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

You briefly expose bacteria undergoing DNA replication to radioactively labeled nucleotides. When you centrifuge the DNA isolated from the bacteria, the DNA separates into two classes. One class of labeled DNA includes very large molecules (thousands or even millions of nucleotides long), and the other includes short stretches of DNA (several hundred to a few thousand nucleotides in length). These two classes of DNA probably represent

• leading strands and RNA primers.
• Okazaki fragments and RNA primers.
• lagging strands and Okazaki fragments.
• leading strands and Okazaki fragments.

Which of the following help(s) to hold the DNA strands apart while they are being replicated?

• RNA primase
• single–strand binding proteins
• DNA polymerase I
• DNA ligase

Which enzyme catalyzes the elongation of a DNA strand in the 5' ---> 3' direction?

• DNA polymerase I
• DNA polymerase III
• helicase
• topoisomerase

What is meant by the description "antiparallel" regarding the strands that make up DNA?

• The twisting nature of DNA creates nonparallel strands.
• One strand is positively charged and the other is negatively charged.
• The 5' to 3' direction of one strand runs counter to the 5' to 3' direction of the other strand.
• Base pairings create unequal spacing between the two DNA strands

The genetic code is essentially the same for all organisms. From this, one can logically assume which of the following?

• The same codons in different organisms translate into the different amino acids.
• A gene from an organism can theoretically be expressed by any other organism.
• All organisms have experienced convergent evolution.
• DNA was the first genetic material.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-1

What is the role of DNA ligase in the elongation of the lagging strand during DNA replication?

• It catalyzes the lengthening of telomeres.
• It synthesizes RNA nucleotides to make a primer.
• It unwinds the parental double helix.
• It joins Okazaki fragments together.

What is meant that DNA replication follows a “semi-conservative” model?

• After DNA replication, each strand contains one side that is a parental strand and the other side is a daughter strand.
• After DNA replication, one completed strand contains only parental DNA while the other contains only daughter DNA.
• None of these identify the “semi-conservative” model.
• After DNA replication, one completed strand contains a mixture of both parental DNA and daughter DNA dispersed throughout the strand.

Which scientist(s) mixed a heat-killed pathogenic strain of bacteria with a living nonpathogenic strain can convert some of the living cells into the pathogenic form?

• Griffith
• Watson & Crick 
• Meselson & Stahl
• Chargaff

Which scientist(s) said that adenine and guanine equals thymine and cytosine?

• Franklin & Watkins
• Chargaff
• Griffith
• Hershey & Chase

Which scientists determined that DNA was a double helix?

• Franklin & Watkins
• Hershey & Chase
• Meselson & Stahl
• Watson & Crick