DNA Structure & Function Review

What is the primary function of DNA in the cell?

• To provide energy for cellular processes

• To store genetic information

• To transport nutrients

• To protect the cell from pathogens

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Which of the following best describes the structure of DNA?

• Single-stranded helix

• Double helix

• Triple helix

• Quadruple helix

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How do the nitrogenous bases pair in DNA according to Chargaff's Rule?

• A pairs with C, T pairs with G

• A pairs with T, C pairs with G

• A pairs with G, C pairs with T

• A pairs with A, C pairs with C

Which molecules form the sides of the DNA molecule?

• Proteins and lipids

• Sugars and phosphates

• Amino acids and nucleotides

• Carbohydrates and fats

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Explain how a gene determines a trait in an organism.

• A gene directly creates a trait without any intermediate steps

• A gene codes for a protein, which is involved in the expression of a trait

• A gene is a trait itself

• A gene is unrelated to traits

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Describe the process of protein synthesis and its importance in trait expression.

• Protein synthesis is the breakdown of proteins into amino acids

• Protein synthesis is the process where DNA codes for protein production, which determines traits

• Protein synthesis is the storage of proteins in the cell

• Protein synthesis is the conversion of proteins into DNA

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What is the building block of the DNA molecule?

• Nucleotide
• Amino acid
• Carbohydrate
• Protein

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What are chromosomes?

• liquid structures that store energy

• the building blocks of lipids

• Small organelles that produce energy.

• Strands of tightly wound DNA

  
  

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Explain the relationship between genes and traits.

• Traits are inherited from the environment only.
• Genes have no impact on physical characteristics.
• Genes control the production of specific proteins, which affect the traits of the organism.

• Traits are determined solely by diet and lifestyle.

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