Understanding Cell Cycle and Cancer 2025

What is the primary purpose of the cell cycle?

• To produce energy for the cell

• To divide and produce two identical daughter cells

• To transport nutrients across the cell membrane

• To synthesize proteins

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Which phase of the cell cycle is responsible for DNA replication?

• G1 phase

• S phase

• G2 phase

• M phase

Explain how the cell cycle is regulated and what might happen if this regulation fails.

• The cell cycle is regulated by checkpoints; failure can lead to uncontrolled cell division, resulting in cancer.

• The cell cycle is regulated by temperature; failure can lead to cell death.

• The cell cycle is regulated by nutrient availability; failure can lead to cell shrinkage.

• The cell cycle is regulated by light; failure can lead to photosynthesis.

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During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes align in the center of the cell?

• Prophase

• Metaphase

• Anaphase

• Telophase

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What is the role of cyclins in the cell cycle?

• They provide energy for cell division.

• They regulate the timing of the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells.

• They repair damaged DNA.

• They transport proteins across the cell membrane.

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Describe the relationship between the cell cycle and cancer.

• Cancer cells skip the cell cycle entirely.

• Cancer is caused by the uncontrolled cell cycle due to mutations in genes that regulate cell division.

• Cancer cells undergo the cell cycle more slowly than normal cells.

• Cancer is unrelated to the cell cycle.

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What is the function of the G1 checkpoint in the cell cycle?

• To ensure DNA is replicated correctly

• To check for cell size, nutrients, and DNA damage

• To separate sister chromatids

• To initiate cytokinesis

Which of the following is a characteristic of cancer cells?

• They have a normal rate of cell division.

• They undergo apoptosis regularly.

• They have uncontrolled growth and division.

• They are always larger than normal cells.

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Predict the consequences of a mutation that prevents a cell from entering the G0 phase.

• The cell will become a neuron.

• The cell will continue to divide uncontrollably, potentially leading to cancer.

• The cell will stop growing and die.

• The cell will become a muscle cell.

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What is the significance of the M phase in the cell cycle?

• It is the phase where the cell grows and performs normal functions.

• It is the phase where DNA is replicated.

• It is the phase where mitosis and cytokinesis occur, leading to cell division.

• It is the phase where the cell rests.

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