Who further developed the ontological argument by asserting that existence is inherent in God's nature?

• Rene Descartes
• David Hume
• Norman Malcolm
• St Anselm

What analogy did Gaunilo use to challenge the ontological argument?

• The analogy of the greatest island.
• The analogy of a perfect circle.
• The analogy of a watchmaker.
• The analogy of a perfect triangle.

What does Kant argue regarding existence as a characteristic of a being?

• Existence does not enhance the quality of a being.
• Existence is the most important quality of a being.
• Existence is irrelevant to philosophical discussions.
• Existence is only a matter of perception.

What does the cosmological argument primarily suggest about existence?

• All effects are independent of specific causes.
• Existence is purely a matter of chance and does not require a cause.
• The universe is an infinite cycle without a beginning.
• Everything that exists must have a cause, ultimately leading to a necessary being.

According to the Kalam Cosmological Argument, what is asserted about the universe?

• The universe had a definite beginning and must have a cause.
• The universe is eternal and requires no cause.
• Everything that exists is uncaused and self-sustaining.
• The universe is an illusion and does not exist in reality.

What is the main idea behind the teleological argument?

• The complexity and order of the universe imply an intelligent designer.
• The universe is random and chaotic, with no design.
• Design is irrelevant to the existence of the universe.
• Nature operates independently of any designer or creator.

Which philosopher is known for critiquing inductive arguments, particularly the cosmological and teleological arguments?

• David Hume
• Immanuel Kant
• William Lane Craig
• St Thomas Aquinas

Which argument connects cosmology with theology in a philosophical framework?

• The Kalam Cosmological Argument
• The teleological argument
• The moral argument
• The existential argument

What is one of the main challenges to the teleological argument?

• It provides definitive proof of God's existence.
• It is based solely on personal beliefs.
• It assumes all effects have specific causes.
• It lacks empirical support and relies on analogy.

What does the ontological argument claim about God?

• God's existence is a matter of personal belief.
• Existence is irrelevant to the definition of God.
• God is merely a concept without real existence.
• God must exist in reality as the greatest possible being.