Changes in Ecosystems

Some grass species need fire in order for their seeds to germinate. Why might this adaptation be useful for grasses?

• Fire allows trees to grow and to provide shade for the grasses.

• The hot temperature of the fire helps the grasses grow faster.

• Seeds can germinate in an area that has been cleared by a fire.

• Fire discourages grazing by large animals so the grasses can grow higher.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

How can you tell from the diagram that this is an example of secondary succession rather than of primary succession?

• No plants exist when the process begins.

• Soil is present at the beginning of the process.

• The process ends with the growth of large trees.

• The sizes of the plants generally increase over time.

Which statement best describes ecosystems?

• They are always evolving

• They constantly change in different ways over time.

• Ecosystems always revert back to their original state.

• Each ecosystem can exist for only a specific length of time.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

Which of these might result from the process of natural eutrophication?

• A lake becomes built up with nutrient rich sediment over time from surrounding land

• A rock breaks down into soil.

• A glacier retreats to expose new land.

• A nonnative species takes resources from native species.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

Which type of ecological succession is more likely to occur after a flood?

• Primary Succession

• Secondary Succession

• Tertiary Succession

• None of the above.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

Match the following terms with their definitions: 1) Primary Succession 2) Secondary Succession 3) Biodiversity

• The series of community changes which take place on a previously colonized, but disturbed or damaged habitat.

• Secondary Succession

• The series of community changes which occur on an entirely new habitat

• Biodiversity

• The variety of life in a particular habitat

• Primary Succession

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NGSS.MS-LS2-5

What is a major threat to biodiversity?

• Urbanization

• Pollution

• Invasive species

• All of the above

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NGSS.MS-LS2-5

What role do keystone species play in biodiversity?

• They have no impact on biodiversity

• They decrease biodiversity by dominating ecosystems

• They increase biodiversity through their extensive prey species

• They maintain the structure of an ecosystem and influence the diversity and abundance of other species

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

Which of the following best describes ecosystem services?

• Services provided by the government to protect the environment

• Benefits humans obtain from ecosystems

• Services provided by non-profit organizations for species conservation

• Benefits that ecosystems obtain from humans

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NGSS.MS-LS2-5

When designing technology to solve enviornmental problems, engineers must consider conditions or factors that they must work in. What are these factors called?

• Trade Offs

• Constraints

• Prototypes

• Method Planning

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NGSS.MS-ETS1-2

NGSS.MS-ETS1-1