What is the primary purpose of bit and frame synchronization techniques?

• To reduce the size of data packets

• To ensure correct decoding of transmitted signals

• To increase data transfer speed

• To enhance network security

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of asynchronous data transmission?

• Start and stop bits are used

• Data is sent at irregular intervals

• Synchronization of sender and receiver clocks

• Each byte is treated independently

What does Manchester encoding use to represent each bit?

• A single voltage level

• A change in voltage at the middle of the bit period

• A constant voltage level

• A series of pulses

In synchronous data transmission, what is required for successful data transfer?

• Independent clocks for sender and receiver

• Synchronization of sender's and receiver's clocks

• Use of start and stop bits

• Transmission of data in frames only

Which method is commonly used for frame synchronization in Ethernet?

• Packet length indication

• Start and end flags

• Time gap synchronization

• All of the above

What is the main disadvantage of using Non-Return to Zero (NRZ) encoding?

• It can lead to synchronization issues with long sequences of identical bits

• It is not suitable for high-speed networks

• It requires more bandwidth

• It is more complex to implement

What is the role of the Digital Phase-Locked Loop (DPLL) in data transmission?

• To encode the data stream

• To synchronize the receiver's clock with the sender's clock

• To detect errors in the data

• To compress the data for transmission

Which of the following is a method of frame synchronization that uses special data sequences?

• Time gap synchronization

• Coding violations

• Start and end flags

• Packet length indication

What is the purpose of stuffing algorithms in data transmission?

• To increase the data rate

• To enhance security

• To prevent misinterpretation of special characters

• To reduce the size of data packets

Which modulation technique uses two frequencies to represent binary data?

• Phase Shift Keying

• Amplitude Shift Keying

• Quantization

• Frequency Shift Keying