GA S8P3.c Force and Mass

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration according to Newton's Second Law of Motion?

• The force needed to accelerate an object is inversely proportional to its mass.

• The force needed to accelerate an object is directly proportional to its mass.

• The force needed to accelerate an object is independent of its mass.

• The force needed to accelerate an object is inversely proportional to its acceleration.

If a 5 kg object requires a force of 20 N to accelerate, what is the acceleration of the object?

• 2 m/s²

• 4 m/s²

• 5 m/s²

• 10 m/s²

William is driving a car with a mass of 1000 kg and accelerates at a rate of 3 m/s². What is the force applied to the car?

• 3000 N

• 1000 N

• 333 N

• 300 N

Explain how the concept of inertia is related to the mass of an object and the force required to change its motion.

• Inertia is the resistance of an object to change its state of motion, and it is directly proportional to the mass of the object.

• Inertia is the tendency of an object to accelerate, and it is inversely proportional to the mass of the object.

• Inertia is the force required to stop an object, and it is independent of the mass of the object.

• Inertia is the speed at which an object moves, and it is directly proportional to the force applied.

A 10 kg object is at rest. A force of 50 N is applied to it. What will be the acceleration of the object?

• 0.5 m/s²

• 5 m/s²

• 10 m/s²

• 50 m/s²

If two objects, one with a mass of 2 kg and the other with a mass of 4 kg, are subjected to the same force, which object will have a greater acceleration?

• The 2 kg object

• The 4 kg object

• Both will have the same acceleration

• It depends on the direction of the force

Construct an argument to explain why a heavier object requires more force to achieve the same acceleration as a lighter object.

• Heavier objects have more inertia, which means they resist changes in motion more than lighter objects.

• Heavier objects have less inertia, which means they resist changes in motion less than lighter objects.

• Heavier objects have the same inertia as lighter objects, so they require the same force.

• Heavier objects have more speed, which means they require more force to stop.

A force of 100 N is applied to two different objects. Object A has a mass of 10 kg, and Object B has a mass of 20 kg. Which object will have a greater acceleration, and why?

• Object A, because it has less mass and therefore less inertia.

• Object B, because it has more mass and therefore more inertia.

• Both objects will have the same acceleration because the force is the same.

• Object B, because it has less mass and therefore less inertia.

Which of the following best explains why a truck requires more force to accelerate than a bicycle?

• A truck has more mass, which means it has more inertia and requires more force to change its motion.

• A truck has less mass, which means it has less inertia and requires more force to change its motion.

• A truck has the same mass as a bicycle, so it requires the same force to change its motion.

• A truck has more speed, which means it requires more force to change its motion.

Newton's Second Law of Motion can be mathematically expressed as:

• Both A and B

• None of the above