Section I: Informational Texts on Urban Green Spaces
Passage 1: Urban Oasis
In many bustling cities, rooftop gardens and small parks have become vital urban oases. These green spaces help reduce the urban heat island effect, improve air quality, and foster community engagement. City planners emphasize that even small patches of vegetation can lower temperatures and provide residents with a peaceful retreat from concrete surroundings. Moreover, studies show that such green areas encourage social interaction and promote mental well‐being among urban dwellers.Passage 2: 

City Farming Innovations
Across urban centers, community gardens and innovative city farming projects are transforming vacant lots into productive green spaces. These initiatives not only supply fresh produce but also contribute to environmental sustainability by mitigating pollution. By reintroducing nature into the urban fabric, city farming projects create opportunities for residents to learn about sustainable agriculture while stimulating local economic growth. Local governments and nonprofit organizations are increasingly supporting these projects to improve quality of life and reduce cities’ environmental footprints.

Comparing Environmental Benefits: Which of the following best describes a similarity and a difference in how the two passages discuss the environmental benefits of urban green spaces?

• A. Both passages mention lowering temperatures, but only Passage 1 emphasizes improved air quality.

• B. Both passages highlight the role of vegetation in reducing environmental impact; however, only Passage 2 discusses fresh produce and sustainable agriculture.

• C. Both passages focus solely on community engagement, but only Passage 1 details the urban heat island effect.

Section I: Informational Texts on Urban Green Spaces
Passage 1: Urban Oasis
In many bustling cities, rooftop gardens and small parks have become vital urban oases. These green spaces help reduce the urban heat island effect, improve air quality, and foster community engagement. City planners emphasize that even small patches of vegetation can lower temperatures and provide residents with a peaceful retreat from concrete surroundings. Moreover, studies show that such green areas encourage social interaction and promote mental well‐being among urban dwellers.Passage 2: 

City Farming Innovations
Across urban centers, community gardens and innovative city farming projects are transforming vacant lots into productive green spaces. These initiatives not only supply fresh produce but also contribute to environmental sustainability by mitigating pollution. By reintroducing nature into the urban fabric, city farming projects create opportunities for residents to learn about sustainable agriculture while stimulating local economic growth. Local governments and nonprofit organizations are increasingly supporting these projects to improve quality of life and reduce cities’ environmental footprints.

Which option best compares how the texts describe the role of green spaces in fostering community engagement?

• A. Passage 1 focuses on providing a peaceful retreat and promoting social interaction, while Passage 2 emphasizes education and local economic growth.

• B. Passage 1 highlights community engagement through recreational spaces, whereas Passage 2 ignores community aspects entirely.

• C. Passage 1 discusses community benefits solely in terms of reducing urban heat, while Passage 2 focuses on aesthetic improvements.

• D. Both passages claim that green spaces are important only for reducing pollution, with little mention of community benefits.

Section I: Informational Texts on Urban Green Spaces
Passage 1: Urban Oasis
In many bustling cities, rooftop gardens and small parks have become vital urban oases. These green spaces help reduce the urban heat island effect, improve air quality, and foster community engagement. City planners emphasize that even small patches of vegetation can lower temperatures and provide residents with a peaceful retreat from concrete surroundings. Moreover, studies show that such green areas encourage social interaction and promote mental well‐being among urban dwellers.Passage 2: 

City Farming Innovations
Across urban centers, community gardens and innovative city farming projects are transforming vacant lots into productive green spaces. These initiatives not only supply fresh produce but also contribute to environmental sustainability by mitigating pollution. By reintroducing nature into the urban fabric, city farming projects create opportunities for residents to learn about sustainable agriculture while stimulating local economic growth. Local governments and nonprofit organizations are increasingly supporting these projects to improve quality of life and reduce cities’ environmental footprints.

How do the tones of the two passages differ regarding their persuasive purpose?

• Passage 1 adopts an optimistic tone about personal well-being, while Passage 2 uses a pragmatic tone that emphasizes practical benefits like fresh produce and sustainability.

• Passage 1 is critical of urban development, whereas Passage 2 is indifferent to economic concerns.

• Passage 1 uses a sarcastic tone to critique city planning, while Passage 2 is strictly factual.

• Both passages use a pessimistic tone regarding the future of urban environments.

Section I: Informational Texts on Urban Green Spaces
Passage 1: Urban Oasis
In many bustling cities, rooftop gardens and small parks have become vital urban oases. These green spaces help reduce the urban heat island effect, improve air quality, and foster community engagement. City planners emphasize that even small patches of vegetation can lower temperatures and provide residents with a peaceful retreat from concrete surroundings. Moreover, studies show that such green areas encourage social interaction and promote mental well‐being among urban dwellers.Passage 2: 

City Farming Innovations
Across urban centers, community gardens and innovative city farming projects are transforming vacant lots into productive green spaces. These initiatives not only supply fresh produce but also contribute to environmental sustainability by mitigating pollution. By reintroducing nature into the urban fabric, city farming projects create opportunities for residents to learn about sustainable agriculture while stimulating local economic growth. Local governments and nonprofit organizations are increasingly supporting these projects to improve quality of life and reduce cities’ environmental footprints.

Which option best summarizes the central theme connecting both passages?

• Urban green spaces are only aesthetic enhancements with minimal practical benefit.

• Urban green spaces contribute to environmental sustainability and community well-being, each offering unique benefits in terms of climate, economy, and social interaction.

• Urban agriculture is the sole method for reducing urban pollution.

• Green spaces are important only for their ability to lower temperatures in cities.

Section II: Fictional Encounters in Nature
Passage 1: The Enchanted Grove
On a balmy summer evening, Serena wandered through a secluded grove behind her family’s cottage. The air shimmered with the soft glow of fireflies, and a delicate scent of wild lavender filled the space. As she followed the gentle murmur of a hidden brook, Serena encountered a mysterious, luminous figure hovering near an ancient oak. The spectral presence was both gentle and otherworldly, evoking wonder and a quiet sense of longing—as if it were a messenger from another realm.

Passage 2: The Mystical Glade
During a crisp autumn twilight, Aaron ventured into a forgotten glade at the edge of his village. The glade was bathed in a silvery mist, and the rustling of fallen leaves created a soothing melody. Drawn by a soft, ethereal whisper, Aaron discovered a radiant figure drifting among towering birches. The figure’s glow was subtle and shifting, stirring feelings of both awe and trepidation in Aaron, as though it carried secrets from a bygone era.

Which of the following best describes a similarity and a difference between the settings in "The Enchanted Grove" and "The Mystical Glade"?

• Both settings evoke mystery through natural imagery; however, "The Enchanted Grove" is set in summer with warm scents, while "The Mystical Glade" is set in autumn with a cool, misty atmosphere.

• Both settings create a cheerful environment with bright, vivid colors, with only minor differences in background sounds.

• Both settings focus solely on auditory details, yet one takes place in a garden and the other in a forest.

• Both settings lack sensory detail, but "The Mystical Glade" uses color to create mood, unlike "The Enchanted Grove."

Section II: Fictional Encounters in Nature
Passage 1: The Enchanted Grove
On a balmy summer evening, Serena wandered through a secluded grove behind her family’s cottage. The air shimmered with the soft glow of fireflies, and a delicate scent of wild lavender filled the space. As she followed the gentle murmur of a hidden brook, Serena encountered a mysterious, luminous figure hovering near an ancient oak. The spectral presence was both gentle and otherworldly, evoking wonder and a quiet sense of longing—as if it were a messenger from another realm.

Passage 2: The Mystical Glade
During a crisp autumn twilight, Aaron ventured into a forgotten glade at the edge of his village. The glade was bathed in a silvery mist, and the rustling of fallen leaves created a soothing melody. Drawn by a soft, ethereal whisper, Aaron discovered a radiant figure drifting among towering birches. The figure’s glow was subtle and shifting, stirring feelings of both awe and trepidation in Aaron, as though it carried secrets from a bygone era.

How do Serena and Aaron respond to their supernatural encounters, and what is one key difference in their reactions?

• Both are indifferent, though Aaron shows slight amusement while Serena remains shocked.

• Both experience awe and wonder; however, Serena feels a quiet longing, whereas Aaron experiences a mix of awe and trepidation.

• Serena is terrified and retreats immediately, while Aaron is curious and engages with the figure.

Section II: Fictional Encounters in Nature
Passage 1: The Enchanted Grove
On a balmy summer evening, Serena wandered through a secluded grove behind her family’s cottage. The air shimmered with the soft glow of fireflies, and a delicate scent of wild lavender filled the space. As she followed the gentle murmur of a hidden brook, Serena encountered a mysterious, luminous figure hovering near an ancient oak. The spectral presence was both gentle and otherworldly, evoking wonder and a quiet sense of longing—as if it were a messenger from another realm.

Passage 2: The Mystical Glade
During a crisp autumn twilight, Aaron ventured into a forgotten glade at the edge of his village. The glade was bathed in a silvery mist, and the rustling of fallen leaves created a soothing melody. Drawn by a soft, ethereal whisper, Aaron discovered a radiant figure drifting among towering birches. The figure’s glow was subtle and shifting, stirring feelings of both awe and trepidation in Aaron, as though it carried secrets from a bygone era.

Portrayal of the Supernatural: Which option best identifies a similarity and a difference in the depiction of the spectral figures?

• Both passages describe the figures as menacing; however, only "The Enchanted Grove" presents a figure with a warm glow.

• Both passages describe the figures as mysterious and otherworldly; however, the figure in "The Enchanted Grove" appears near an ancient oak, while the one in "The Mystical Glade" drifts among towering birches.

• Both passages portray the figures as friendly and welcoming; however, only the figure in "The Mystical Glade" speaks.

• Both passages offer nearly identical descriptions of the figures, with no significant differences.

Section II: Fictional Encounters in Nature
Passage 1: The Enchanted Grove
On a balmy summer evening, Serena wandered through a secluded grove behind her family’s cottage. The air shimmered with the soft glow of fireflies, and a delicate scent of wild lavender filled the space. As she followed the gentle murmur of a hidden brook, Serena encountered a mysterious, luminous figure hovering near an ancient oak. The spectral presence was both gentle and otherworldly, evoking wonder and a quiet sense of longing—as if it were a messenger from another realm.

Passage 2: The Mystical Glade
During a crisp autumn twilight, Aaron ventured into a forgotten glade at the edge of his village. The glade was bathed in a silvery mist, and the rustling of fallen leaves created a soothing melody. Drawn by a soft, ethereal whisper, Aaron discovered a radiant figure drifting among towering birches. The figure’s glow was subtle and shifting, stirring feelings of both awe and trepidation in Aaron, as though it carried secrets from a bygone era.

How do the authors of the two fictional passages use sensory details to enhance the magical quality of their settings?

• Both passages rely primarily on sound, neglecting visual and olfactory imagery.

• Both passages use a combination of light, sound, and scent to evoke enchantment; however, "The Enchanted Grove" emphasizes warm, floral scents and fireflies, while "The Mystical Glade" highlights cool mist and rustling leaves.

• "The Enchanted Grove" uses sensory details exclusively related to color, whereas "The Mystical Glade" uses only auditory imagery.

• Both passages provide minimal sensory details, leaving most of the description to the reader’s imagination.

Section II: Fictional Encounters in Nature
Passage 1: The Enchanted Grove
On a balmy summer evening, Serena wandered through a secluded grove behind her family’s cottage. The air shimmered with the soft glow of fireflies, and a delicate scent of wild lavender filled the space. As she followed the gentle murmur of a hidden brook, Serena encountered a mysterious, luminous figure hovering near an ancient oak. The spectral presence was both gentle and otherworldly, evoking wonder and a quiet sense of longing—as if it were a messenger from another realm.

Passage 2: The Mystical Glade
During a crisp autumn twilight, Aaron ventured into a forgotten glade at the edge of his village. The glade was bathed in a silvery mist, and the rustling of fallen leaves created a soothing melody. Drawn by a soft, ethereal whisper, Aaron discovered a radiant figure drifting among towering birches. The figure’s glow was subtle and shifting, stirring feelings of both awe and trepidation in Aaron, as though it carried secrets from a bygone era.

Which option best explains how nature is intertwined with the supernatural in both passages?

• In both passages, nature is merely a backdrop with no connection to the supernatural events.

• Both passages present nature as a hostile force that isolates the characters from the everyday world.

• Both passages depict nature as a gateway to the supernatural, with each environment enhancing the mystical experience; one through warm, inviting details and the other through cool, mysterious elements.

• In both passages, supernatural events are depicted as artificial intrusions into otherwise mundane natural settings.

Section I: Informational Texts on Urban Green Spaces
Passage 1: Urban Oasis
In many bustling cities, rooftop gardens and small parks have become vital urban oases. These green spaces help reduce the urban heat island effect, improve air quality, and foster community engagement. City planners emphasize that even small patches of vegetation can lower temperatures and provide residents with a peaceful retreat from concrete surroundings. Moreover, studies show that such green areas encourage social interaction and promote mental well‐being among urban dwellers.Passage 2: 

City Farming Innovations
Across urban centers, community gardens and innovative city farming projects are transforming vacant lots into productive green spaces. These initiatives not only supply fresh produce but also contribute to environmental sustainability by mitigating pollution. By reintroducing nature into the urban fabric, city farming projects create opportunities for residents to learn about sustainable agriculture while stimulating local economic growth. Local governments and nonprofit organizations are increasingly supporting these projects to improve quality of life and reduce cities’ environmental footprints.

Section II: Fictional Encounters in Nature
Passage 1: The Enchanted Grove
On a balmy summer evening, Serena wandered through a secluded grove behind her family’s cottage. The air shimmered with the soft glow of fireflies, and a delicate scent of wild lavender filled the space. As she followed the gentle murmur of a hidden brook, Serena encountered a mysterious, luminous figure hovering near an ancient oak. The spectral presence was both gentle and otherworldly, evoking wonder and a quiet sense of longing—as if it were a messenger from another realm.

Passage 2: The Mystical Glade
During a crisp autumn twilight, Aaron ventured into a forgotten glade at the edge of his village. The glade was bathed in a silvery mist, and the rustling of fallen leaves created a soothing melody. Drawn by a soft, ethereal whisper, Aaron discovered a radiant figure drifting among towering birches. The figure’s glow was subtle and shifting, stirring feelings of both awe and trepidation in Aaron, as though it carried secrets from a bygone era.

11. Overarching Theme: Which of the following best captures how both the informational and fictional texts explore the

• theme of resilience

• theme of friendship

• theme of conflict

• theme of discovery