Nationalist Movements in Africa and the Middle East #2

What did many people in Africa and the Middle East hope to gain with the end of World War II?

• Neighboring lands in exchange for their service and loyalty

• Direct economic aid

• Military support and alliances to defeat their enemies

• Independence and an end to colonial rule

Which group(s) of people rarely if ever benefited from colonial control of their lands by the Europeans?

• the native ruling elites

• the educated middle class

• the lower class / peasants

Which group below became the voice of protest for native peoples in their attempts to gain their freedom and independence from their colonial masters?

• the native ruling elites

• the educated middle class

• the lower class / peasants

The unifying call by the nations of Africa for more rights and an end to colonial rule by the native political and educated classes by the natives peoples is called…

• Pan Africanism Movement

• Neo-Colonialism Movement

• Sans Africanism Movement

• New Imperialism Movement

After World War One, how is the situation in the Middle East similar to what happened in Africa?

• Both regions experienced economic prosperity.

• Both regions were divided between European powers.

• Both regions remained under Ottoman control.

• Both regions became independent immediately.

Why did the Ottoman sultan sign the Treaty of Sèvres in 1920, even though he was reluctant to do it?

• To gain more territory in Europe.

• To avoid further conflict and loss of territory.

• To strengthen ties with Greece.

• To expand the Ottoman Empire.

How did Turkish nationalists react to the loss of territory under the 1920 Treaty of Sèvres?

• They accepted the treaty peacefully.

• They sought help from European powers.

• They overthrew the sultan and declared a republic.

• They moved to Greece.

Who became the new leader of the Turkish Republic?

• Sultan Mehmed VI

• Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

• Ismet Inönü

• Enver Pasha

What was one of the reforms introduced by Atatürk in Turkey?

• Adoption of the Roman alphabet

• Introduction of the Arabic alphabet

• Establishment of religious schools

• Promotion of traditional clothing

What was Atatürk's goal for Turkey?

• To maintain Islamic traditions

• To modernize Turkey along Western lines

• To increase religious influence in government

• To isolate Turkey from Western countries