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State

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A politically organized territory with a permanent population, a defined boundary, a government, and sovereignty (control over internal and external affairs).

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Nation-states

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A state whose territory corresponds to a single, culturally homogeneous nation—a group of people with shared cultural characteristics, such as language or ethnicity.

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Multinational states

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A state that contains two or more nations or ethnic groups with traditions of self-determination.

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Stateless nations

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A nation of people without a state of their own, though they may reside in multiple states.

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Semi Autonomous

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A region within a state that has some degree of self-governance, but not full independence.

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Autonomous

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A region within a state that has a high degree of self-rule and independence from the central government.

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Sovereignty

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The full independence and control over internal and external affairs by a state.

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Self determination

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The right of a nation or ethnic group to govern itself and determine its own political future.

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Colonialism

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The practice of one country establishing settlements and controlling another territory for economic, political, or military gain.

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Imperialism

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The broader policy of extending a country’s power through military force or diplomacy, often leading to colonialism.