Geological Processes Vocabulary

A process during which one type of rock changes into another type of rock through geologic processes is called the _________.

• Rock cycle

• Sedimentary process

• Erosion process

• Weathering process

Fill in the blank: Rock that forms over time as sediments become compacted and cemented together is known as _________.

• Sedimentary rocks

• Metamorphic rocks

• Igneous rocks

• Extrusive rocks

Fill in the blank: Tiny pieces of broken rocks that have been weathered by rain, wind, snow, plant roots, or other environmental agents are called _________.

• Sediments

• Fossils

• Meteors

• Crystals

Fill in the blank: The movement of soil, rock, or rock fragments, often created by weathering, from one place to another by water or wind is known as _________.

• Erosion

• Deposition

• Weathering

• Sedimentation

Fill in the blank: The process of wind, rain, ice, and other factors breaking large rocks into smaller pieces called sediments is called _________.

• Weathering

• Erosion

• Deposition

• Lithification

Fill in the blank: The process by which rocks, soil, and sediment settle into a new location is known as _________.

• Deposition

• Erosion

• Transportation

• Compaction

What is a metamorphic rock?

• A rock that has undergone transformation due to high heat and pressure.

• A sedimentary rock formed by the deposition of material over time.

• An igneous rock that cools and solidifies from molten magma.

• A rock formed by chemical precipitation from water.

What is the force applied to rocks that can change their form and composition, particularly in the formation of metamorphic rocks?

• Pressure

• Heat

• Friction

• Tectonic force

What type of rock forms when magma or lava cools and crystallizes on or below Earth's surface?

• Igneous rock

• Sedimentary rock

• Metamorphic rock

• Foliated rock

What happens below Earth's surface as magma cools, forming rocks with a rough, coarse texture with large crystals, such as granite?

• As magma cools below Earth's surface, it forms igneous rocks with a rough, coarse texture and large crystals, such as granite.

• As magma cools below Earth's surface, it forms sedimentary rocks composed of compacted and cemented particles.

• As magma cools below Earth's surface, it forms metamorphic rocks that have undergone heat and pressure transformations.

• As magma cools below Earth's surface, it results in volcanic eruptions and the formation of basaltic rocks.