Quiz about Geologic Time Test Study Guide

Question 1

The geologic time scale enables scientists to find relationships among which things?

Accepted Answer

Rocks and fossils

Answer

Planets and stars

Answer

Animals and plants

Answer

Oceans and rivers

Question 2

The three earliest eons, which make up 90% of geologic time are informally called the?

Accepted Answer

Hadean, Archean, and Proterozoic

Answer

Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic

Answer

Cambrian, Ordovician, and Silurian

Answer

Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous

Question 3

Geologic time units are defined by:

Accepted Answer

the age of rocks and fossils

Answer

the position of stars

Answer

the weather patterns

Answer

the ocean currents

Question 4

An event during which many groups of organisms disappear from the rock record at about the same time is called?

Accepted Answer

Mass extinction

Answer

Evolution

Answer

Speciation

Answer

Adaptation

Question 5

What is relative age dating?

Accepted Answer

A technique to arrange geological events in a sequence

Answer

A method to determine the exact age of a rock or fossil

Answer

A process to find the age of the Earth

Answer

A way to date fossils using radiometric techniques

Question 6

A gap in the rock record caused by weathering and erosion is called:

Accepted Answer

Unconformity

Answer

Sedimentary layer

Answer

Fossil record

Answer

Metamorphic zone

Question 7

Unconformities, disconformity, nonconformity, and angular unconformity are types of what?

Accepted Answer

Geological formations

Answer

Weather patterns

Answer

Biological classifications

Answer

Chemical reactions

Question 8

What do scientists learn when they measure the ratio of parent isotope to daughter product in a mineral?

Accepted Answer

The age of the mineral

Answer

The chemical composition of the mineral

Answer

The temperature at which the mineral formed

Answer

The location where the mineral was found

Question 9

Outgassing by volcanoes today releases materials that are very different from those that formed Earth's earliest atmosphere.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 10

What are microscopic, photosynthetic prokaryotes that formed stromatolites and changed early Earth's atmosphere by generating oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Cyanobacteria

Answer

Algae

Answer

Fungi

Answer

Protozoa

Question 11

What has occurred when sea level rises and causes the shoreline to move inland, resulting in deeper-water deposits overlying shallower-water deposits?

Accepted Answer

Transgression

Answer

Regression

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Sedimentation

Question 12

According to the figure, what animals evolved during the early Mesozoic following the mass extinction event that ended the Paleozoic Era?

Accepted Answer

Dinosaurs

Answer

Mammals

Answer

Birds

Answer

Reptiles

Question 13

What is the process called when sedimentary layers are deposited in a time sequence, with the oldest on the bottom and the youngest on top?

Accepted Answer

Superposition

Answer

Intrusion

Answer

Cross-cutting

Answer

Folding

Question 14

Which era is known for the dominance of dinosaurs before their extinction?

Accepted Answer

Mesozoic

Answer

Paleozoic

Answer

Cenozoic

Answer

Proterozoic

Question 15

What is the term for the preserved remains or traces of organisms that lived in the past?

Accepted Answer

Fossils

Answer

Crystals

Answer

Minerals

Answer

Artifacts

Question 16

What is the name of the process by which rocks are broken down by natural forces such as wind and water?

Accepted Answer

Weathering

Answer

Metamorphism

Answer

Deposition

Answer

Compaction

Question 17

Which type of rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava?

Accepted Answer

Igneous

Answer

Metamorphic

Answer

Sedimentary

Answer

Fossiliferous

Question 18

What is the term for the bending of rock layers due to stress in the Earth's crust?

Accepted Answer

Folding

Answer

Shearing

Answer

Fracturing

Answer

Faulting

Question 19

What is the process by which sediment is transported and deposited by wind, water, or ice?

Accepted Answer

Deposition

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Compaction

Answer

Weathering

Question 20

Which type of rock is formed under high pressure and temperature conditions, altering its mineral composition and structure?

Accepted Answer

Metamorphic

Answer

Igneous

Answer

Sedimentary

Answer

Fossiliferous

Question 21

What is the name of the process where tectonic plates move apart, creating new oceanic crust?

Accepted Answer

Divergence

Answer

Convergence

Answer

Transform faulting

Answer

Subduction

Question 22

What is the term for the process by which rocks are transformed into new types through heat and pressure?

Accepted Answer

Metamorphism

Answer

Deposition

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Question 23

Which type of fossilization involves the preservation of an organism's hard parts, such as bones or shells, in their original form?

Accepted Answer

Original preservation

Answer

Carbonization

Answer

Recrystallization

Answer

Permineralization

Question 24

What is the name of the boundary where two tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally?

Accepted Answer

Transform boundary

Answer

Subduction zone

Answer

Divergent boundary

Answer

Convergent boundary

Question 25

What is the term for the process by which sedimentary rocks are formed from the accumulation and compaction of mineral and organic particles?

Accepted Answer

Lithification

Answer

Metamorphism

Answer

Deposition

Answer

Compaction

Question 26

Which geological principle states that in a sequence of undisturbed sedimentary layers, the oldest layer is at the bottom and the youngest is at the top?

Accepted Answer

Principle of Superposition

Answer

Principle of Original Horizontality

Answer

Principle of Cross-Cutting Relationships

Answer

Principle of Lateral Continuity

Question 27

What is the name of the process by which rocks are broken down into smaller pieces by physical or chemical means?

Accepted Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Deposition

Answer

Compaction

Question 28

Which process involves the movement of Earth's lithospheric plates over the asthenosphere?

Accepted Answer

Plate tectonics

Answer

Mountain building

Answer

Seafloor spreading

Answer

Volcanism

Question 29

What is the term for the preserved evidence of the activity of an organism, such as footprints or burrows?

Accepted Answer

Trace fossils

Answer

Microfossils

Answer

Index fossils

Answer

Body fossils

Question 30

Which type of rock is primarily formed from the accumulation of plant material in swampy environments?

Accepted Answer

Coal

Answer

Limestone

Answer

Shale

Answer

Sandstone

Question 31

What is the term for the process by which sedimentary layers are deposited in a horizontal or nearly horizontal position?

Accepted Answer

Principle of Original Horizontality

Answer

Principle of Superposition

Answer

Principle of Lateral Continuity

Answer

Principle of Cross-Cutting Relationships

Question 32

Which type of boundary is characterized by the creation of new crust as tectonic plates move away from each other?

Accepted Answer

Divergent boundary

Answer

Convergent boundary

Answer

Transform boundary

Answer

Subduction zone

Question 33

What is the name of the process by which organic material is converted into a fossil through the replacement of the original material with minerals?

Accepted Answer

Permineralization

Answer

Carbonization

Answer

Original preservation

Answer

Recrystallization

Question 34

What is the term for the process by which tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally?

Accepted Answer

Transform boundary

Answer

Convergent boundary

Answer

Divergent boundary

Answer

Subduction zone

Question 35

Which type of rock is primarily formed from the accumulation of plant and animal remains?

Accepted Answer

Sedimentary

Answer

Igneous

Answer

Metamorphic

Answer

Fossiliferous

Question 36

What is the name of the process by which water, ice, or wind remove and transport soil and rock from one location to another?

Accepted Answer

Erosion

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Deposition

Answer

Compaction

Question 37

What is the term for the process by which rocks are broken down into smaller pieces by physical or chemical means?

Accepted Answer

Weathering

Answer

Compaction

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Deposition

Question 38

Which type of boundary is characterized by tectonic plates sliding past each other horizontally?

Accepted Answer

Transform boundary

Answer

Convergent boundary

Answer

Divergent boundary

Answer

Subduction zone

Question 39

What is the name of the process where sediment is compacted and cemented to form sedimentary rock?

Accepted Answer

Lithification

Answer

Metamorphism

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Erosion

Question 40

What is the term for the process by which rocks are worn away by the movement of water, wind, or ice?

Accepted Answer

Erosion

Answer

Deposition

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Compaction

Question 41

Which type of rock is formed from the alteration of existing rock types in the earth's crust due to heat, pressure, and chemically active fluids?

Accepted Answer

Metamorphic

Answer

Fossiliferous

Answer

Igneous

Answer

Sedimentary

Question 42

What is the name of the process by which sedimentary rocks are formed through the cementation of mineral grains?

Accepted Answer

Lithification

Answer

Metamorphism

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Compaction

Question 43

What is the term for the process by which rocks are transformed into new types through heat and pressure without melting?

Accepted Answer

Metamorphism

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Deposition

Answer

Compaction

Question 44

Which type of boundary is formed when two tectonic plates collide, often resulting in mountain formation?

Accepted Answer

Convergent boundary

Answer

Subduction zone

Answer

Transform boundary

Answer

Divergent boundary

Question 45

What is the name of the process by which sediments are compacted and cemented to form sedimentary rock?

Accepted Answer

Lithification

Answer

Weathering

Answer

Compaction

Answer

Metamorphism

Question 46

What is the term for the process by which sedimentary rocks are formed through the accumulation and compaction of mineral and organic particles?

Accepted Answer

Lithification

Answer

Deposition

Answer

Compaction

Answer

Crystallization

Question 47

Which type of rock is formed from the solidification of molten material beneath the Earth's surface?

Accepted Answer

Igneous

Answer

Fossiliferous

Answer

Sedimentary

Answer

Metamorphic

Geologic Time Test Study Guide

50 questions

The geologic time scale enables scientists to find relationships among which things?

The three earliest eons, which make up 90% of geologic time are informally called the?

Geologic time units are defined by:

An event during which many groups of organisms disappear from the rock record at about the same time is called?

What is relative age dating?

A gap in the rock record caused by weathering and erosion is called:

Unconformities, disconformity, nonconformity, and angular unconformity are types of what?

age dating gives the numerical age of rocks and other objects while age dating compares past geological events based on the order of strata in the rock record.

What do scientists learn when they measure the ratio of parent isotope to daughter product in a mineral?

Outgassing by volcanoes today releases materials that are very different from those that formed Earth's earliest atmosphere.

Create a free account and access millions of resources

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Popular Resources on Wayground

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Geologic Time Test Study Guide

50 questions

The geologic time scale enables scientists to find relationships among which things?

The three earliest eons, which make up 90% of geologic time are informally called the?

Geologic time units are defined by:

An event during which many groups of organisms disappear from the rock record at about the same time is called?

What is relative age dating?

A gap in the rock record caused by weathering and erosion is called:

Unconformities, disconformity, nonconformity, and angular unconformity are types of what?

____ age dating gives the numerical age of rocks and other objects while ____ age dating compares past geological events based on the order of strata in the rock record.

What do scientists learn when they measure the ratio of parent isotope to daughter product in a mineral?

Outgassing by volcanoes today releases materials that are very different from those that formed Earth's earliest atmosphere.

Create a free account and access millions of resources

Similar Resources on Wayground

Popular Resources on Wayground

Discover more resources for Science

age dating gives the numerical age of rocks and other objects while age dating compares past geological events based on the order of strata in the rock record.