Basics of the Periodic Table

What is the common property of alkali metals?

• They are highly reactive, especially with water, and have one electron in their outermost shell.

• They are non-reactive and have a full outer shell of electrons.

• They are good conductors of electricity and have two electrons in their outermost shell.

• They are found in nature as noble gases.

What are the characteristics of metals on the periodic table?

• They are typically dull and brittle.

• They are typically shiny, good conductors of heat and electricity, malleable, and ductile.

• They are poor conductors of heat and electricity.

• They are typically gaseous at room temperature.

What is a diatomic molecule?

• A molecule that consists of two atoms, which can be of the same or different elements.

• A molecule that consists of three atoms of the same element.

• A molecule that consists of two different molecules combined together.

• A molecule that consists of only one atom.

What makes an element unique and different from every other element on the periodic table?

• The number of protons.

• The number of neutrons.

• The number of electrons.

• The atomic mass.

Which element is in the same group as iodine (I) and the same period as sodium (Na)?

• Chlorine (Cl)

• Bromine (Br)

• Fluorine (F)

• Potassium (K)

Which chemical family does an element that reacts with oxygen, has a silver metallic luster, and has a low melting point most likely belong to?

• Alkaline earth metals

• Noble gases

• Transition metals

• Halogens

What is the role of noble gases in the periodic table?

• They are highly reactive gases that readily form compounds.

• They are inert gases with a full valence shell, making them very stable and unreactive.

• They are gases that only exist at extremely high temperatures.

• They are metals that conduct electricity well.

What are the properties of an unknown element that exists naturally as a diatomic gas, easily accepts electrons, and reacts violently with alkali metals?

• Noble Gases

• Alkali Metals

• Halogens

• Transition Metals

What is the atomic number of an element?

• The number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

• The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

• The total number of electrons in an atom.

• The mass of an atom measured in atomic mass units.

What distinguishes nonmetals from metals on the periodic table?

• Nonmetals are usually good conductors of electricity.

• Nonmetals are typically malleable and ductile.

• Nonmetals are usually poor conductors, brittle in solid form, and can be gases or liquids at room temperature.

• Nonmetals have high melting and boiling points.