Treating Phobias: Behavioural Approaches

What is the main idea behind the behaviourist perspective on phobias?

• Phobias are innate and cannot be changed.

• All behaviour is learned and can be unlearned.

• Phobias are caused by genetic factors.

• Phobias are a result of chemical imbalances in the brain.

Which of the following is NOT a key process involved in systematic desensitisation?

• Anxiety Hierarchy

• Relaxation Techniques

• Immediate Exposure

• Gradual Exposure

What is the principle behind systematic desensitisation?

• Extinction

• Reciprocal Inhibition

• Operant Conditioning

• Spontaneous Recovery

In the context of systematic desensitisation, what does the term "counterconditioning" refer to?

• Reinforcing the fear response

• Learning a new response to a phobic stimulus

• Avoiding the phobic stimulus

• Increasing the intensity of the phobic response

What is the main difference between systematic desensitisation and flooding?

• Systematic desensitisation is more intense than flooding.

• Flooding involves gradual exposure, while systematic desensitisation does not.

• Flooding involves immediate and prolonged exposure, while systematic desensitisation is gradual.

• Systematic desensitisation uses medication, while flooding does not.

What is the purpose of creating an anxiety hierarchy in systematic desensitisation?

• To identify the most effective medication for the phobia

• To arrange phobic situations from least to most frightening

• To determine the genetic basis of the phobia

• To measure the intensity of the phobic response

Which of the following is a relaxation technique that might be used in systematic desensitisation?

• Hyperventilation

• Meditation

• Panic Induction

• Sleep Deprivation

What is the principle of extinction in the context of flooding?

• Reinforcing the fear response

• The conditioned fear response is extinguished when the feared object is encountered without harm

• Avoiding the phobic stimulus

• Increasing the intensity of the phobic response

How does flooding differ in terms of session length compared to systematic desensitisation?

• Flooding sessions are shorter and less intense.

• Flooding sessions are longer and more intense.

• Flooding sessions are the same length but less intense.

• Flooding sessions are shorter but more intense.

What is the ultimate goal of both systematic desensitisation and flooding in treating phobias?

• To reinforce the phobic response

• To eliminate the phobic response

• To increase the phobic response

• To avoid the phobic stimulus