Phonology

Which of the following is not a phonetic segment?

• [θ] in "thin"

• [ʃ] in "ship"

• Stress in "record" vs. "record"

• [dʒ] in "judge"

In English, vowels undergo _______ when they occur before nasal consonants.

If two sounds never appear in the same phonetic environment, they are in __________ distribution.

Aspiration occurs in English voiceless stops when they appear at the beginning of a stressed syllable.

• TRUE

• FALSE

What is the first step in building a syllable structure?

• Nucleus formation
  

• Assigning consonants to the onset
  

• Identifying the coda
  

• Determining the stress pattern

According to the Sonority Requirement, how does sonority behave in a syllable?

• It rises before the nucleus and declines after it.

• It remains constant throughout the syllable.

• It decreases before the nucleus and increases after it.

• It only affects unstressed syllables.

What is the nucleus of a syllable?

• The first consonant

• The vowel or syllabic element

• The final consonant

• The stress pattern

What does the Binarity Requirement state about syllable structure?

• A syllable onset or coda can contain at most two consonants.

• A syllable must always contain a consonant cluster.

• A syllable can have an unlimited number of consonants in the onset.

• The number of consonants allowed in an onset or coda is two.

What is the basic rule for stress placement in English nouns with more than one syllable?

• Stress falls on the second-to-last (penultimate) syllable.

• Stress falls on the third syllable.

• Stress is always on the first syllable.

• Stress is always on the last syllable.

What is the key feature of English pronunciation related to syllables?

• English uses stress to increase the acoustic prominence of particular syllables.

• All syllables in English words are equally stressed.

• Syllables are always pronounced with the same length.

• Syllables must always have a coda.