Understanding Organic Compound Classification

What is the primary characteristic of organic compounds?

• Are always solid at room temperature

• Contain hydrogen atoms

• Do not dissolve in water

• Contain carbon atoms

Name the four main types of organic compounds.

• Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

• Vitamins, minerals, enzymes, hormones

• Sugars, starches, fats, acids

• Water, salts, fibers, proteins

What functional group is present in alcohols?

• Carboxyl group (-COOH)

• Hydroxyl group (-OH)

• Amino group (-NH2)

• Carbonyl group (C=O)

How do alkanes differ from alkenes?

• Alkanes are more reactive than alkenes due to their structure.

• Alkanes contain double bonds, while alkenes contain only single bonds.

• Alkenes have a higher molecular weight than alkanes.

• Alkanes have only single bonds, while alkenes have at least one double bond.

What is the general formula for alkenes?

• C2nH2n-2

• C3H6

• CnH2n

• CnH2n+1

Define isomerism in organic chemistry.

• Isomerism is the existence of compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures or arrangements.

• Isomerism is the existence of compounds with the same structure but different molecular weights.

• Isomerism refers to compounds with different molecular formulas but similar structures.

• Isomerism is the process of combining different compounds into one.

What is the significance of functional groups in organic compounds?

• Functional groups are irrelevant to the structure of organic compounds.

• Functional groups only affect the color of organic compounds.

• Functional groups are only important in inorganic chemistry.

• Functional groups are significant because they define the chemical behavior and properties of organic compounds.

Explain the difference between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons.

• Saturated hydrocarbons have only single bonds and maximum hydrogen atoms, while unsaturated hydrocarbons have double or triple bonds and fewer hydrogen atoms.

• Saturated hydrocarbons have double bonds and fewer hydrogen atoms.

• Unsaturated hydrocarbons contain only single bonds and maximum hydrogen atoms.

• Saturated hydrocarbons are always liquid at room temperature, while unsaturated are solid.

What role do organic compounds play in biological systems?

• Organic compounds are vital for structure, energy, and biochemical reactions in biological systems.

• Organic compounds are harmful and toxic to biological systems.

• Organic compounds are not involved in any biochemical reactions.

• Organic compounds are only used for energy storage.

organic compounds are broadly classified as

• Open chain compounds and acyclic compounds

• Open chain compounds and linear chain compounds

• Cyclic compounds and alicyclic compounds

• open chain and closed chain compounds