OSM Force, Motion and Energy 3 SOL Review

When a space shuttle was launched, the astronauts onboard experienced an acceleration of 29.0 m/s². If one of the astronauts had a mass of 60.0 kg, what net force in newtons did the astronaut experience?

• 1740 N

• 1800 N

• 1500 N

• 2000 N

A student uses a magnet to move a 0.025 kg metal ball. The magnet exerts a force of 5 N, which causes the ball to begin moving. What is the acceleration of the ball when it begins to move?

• 200 m/s²

• 0.125 m/s²

• 5 m/s²

• 5.025 m/s²

In which sections of the track will the sled experience an unbalanced force?

• Sections 1 and 3

• Sections 2 and 3

• Sections 2 and 4

• Sections 3 and 4

The diagram shows a homemade car being pushed with a force of 25 N. The force causes the car to move at a constant speed of 3 m/s. What will happen if the force is changed to 35 N?

• The car will move at a constant speed of 13 m/s.

• The speed of the car will not change.

• The speed of the car will increase.

• The speed of the car will decrease to 1 m/s.

For an investigation, a student measures the speed of a cart as it rolls down a ramp. The student then records data in the table below. Which of these best explains the student’s data?

• The speed of the cart decreases as the cart rolls down the ramp because of friction between the cart and the ramp.

• The speed of the cart increases as the cart rolls down the ramp because the force acting on the cart is greater than the force of gravity.

• The speed of the cart increases as the cart rolls down the ramp because the forces acting on the cart are unbalanced.

• The speed of the cart decreases as the cart rolls down the ramp because the forces acting on the cart are balanced.

According to the data table, how much force is acting on the cart when the students measure an acceleration of 2.6 m/s²?

• 13 N

• 7 N

• 8 N

• 12 N

The diagram below shows a boat moving north in a river at 3 m/s while the current in the river moves south at 1 m/s. How will the boat be affected if it enters a part of the river where the current is moving south at 2 m/s?

• The boat will move slower.

• The boat will move faster.

• The boat will stop.

• The boat will move to the west.

A motorcycle travels 8.9 meters per second around a track. The dotted line shows the path of the motorcycle. The arrow shows the direction of the motorcycle at position 1. Which comparison of the motorcycle’s motion is correct?

• At positions 1 and 3, the velocities are the same, but the accelerations are different.

• At positions 1 and 4, the speeds are the same, but the velocities are different.

• At positions 2 and 3, the accelerations are the same, but the velocities are different.

• At positions 2 and 4, the velocities are the same, but the speeds are different.

A car initially traveling at 8.0 meters per second doubles its speed while traveling in a northeast direction. Students used a table to record the initial and final conditions for speed and velocity. Which table is correct?

• Initial: Speed 8.0 m/s, Velocity 8.0 m/s northeast; Final: Speed 16.0 m/s, Velocity 16.0 m/s northeast.

• Initial: Speed 8.0 m/s northeast, Velocity 8.0 m/s; Final: Speed 16.0 m/s northeast, Velocity 16.0 m/s.

• Initial: Speed 8.0 m/s, Velocity 0.0 m/s² northeast; Final: Speed 16.0 m/s, Velocity 0.5 m/s² northeast.

• Initial: Speed 8.0 m/s northeast, Velocity 8.0 m/s northeast; Final: Speed 16.0 m/s northeast, Velocity 16.0 m/s northeast.

A student investigates the motion of a toy vehicle. The student graphs 40 seconds of data from the investigation. Which statement best describes the motion of the toy vehicle during the first 30 seconds of the investigation?

• The vehicle was traveling at a constant speed.

• The vehicle was accelerating at a constant rate.

• The speed of the vehicle was increasing.

• The acceleration of the vehicle was increasing.