HS-1 Unit 3 Review 2025

If a person contracts a pathogen that is transmitted through air, soil, food, or feces is called:

• Direct contact

• Indirect contact

• Causative agent contact

• Transmission contact

Answer explanation

A pathogen transmitted through air, soil, food, or feces is considered to be spread via indirect contact, as it does not require direct physical interaction with an infected person.

A __________ infection is an infection originating in a healthcare setting.

• Opportunistic

• Bloodborne

• Nosocomial

• Companion

Answer explanation

A nosocomial infection is specifically defined as an infection acquired in a healthcare setting, distinguishing it from other types of infections like opportunistic or bloodborne infections.

A person who gets a disease because of weak defenses is called a ___________ ____ in the Chain of Infection.

• Portal of Entry

• Portal of Exit

• Weak Immune Person

• Susceptible Host

Answer explanation

A person with weak defenses against disease is referred to as a 'Susceptible Host' in the Chain of Infection. This term specifically describes individuals who are more likely to contract infections due to compromised immunity.

To grow and reproduce, microorganisms need all of the following except:

• Warm environment

• Light

• Moisture

• Source of Food

Answer explanation

Microorganisms can grow and reproduce in various conditions, but they do not require light. They thrive in warm, moist environments with a food source, making 'Light' the correct answer as it is not essential for their growth.

A person is hospitalized because of a heart attack. They take a turn for the worse when they develop pneumonia while being cared for in the ICU. What type of infection is pneumonia?

• Endogenous

• Opportunistic

• Exogenous

• Nosocomial

Answer explanation

Pneumonia acquired in the ICU is classified as nosocomial, meaning it is an infection contracted during hospital stay, often due to weakened immunity or invasive procedures.

Put the Chain of Infection in order (only use the numbers and no spaces):

1. Mode of Transmission

2. Portal of Exit

3. Susceptible Host

4. Causative Agent

5. Reservoir

6. Portal of Entry

Answer explanation

The correct order of the Chain of Infection is: 4 (Causative Agent), 5 (Reservoir), 2 (Portal of Exit), 1 (Mode of Transmission), 6 (Portal of Entry), 3 (Susceptible Host). Thus, the answer is 452163.

PPE includes all of the following except:

• Gloves

• Goggles

• Masks

• Handwashing

Answer explanation

PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) includes items like gloves, goggles, and masks that protect against hazards. Handwashing, while essential for hygiene, is not classified as PPE.

Visibly soaked and bloody linens after a trauma patient need to be disposed in:

• Regular trash can

• Biohazard trash

• Sharps container

• Laundry hamper

Answer explanation

Visibly soaked and bloody linens are considered biohazardous waste due to potential infection risks. Therefore, they must be disposed of in biohazard trash to ensure safety and compliance with health regulations.

Bed linens after a patient leaves the hospital needs to be disposed in the:

• Regular trash can

• Biohazard trash

• Sharps container

• Laundry hamper

Answer explanation

Bed linens are considered regular waste and should be placed in the laundry hamper for proper cleaning and reuse, rather than in biohazard or regular trash.

Gloves used to walk someone to the restroom need to be disposed in the:

• Regular trash can

• Biohazard trash

• Sharps container

• Laundry hamper

Answer explanation

Gloves used for assisting someone to the restroom are not considered biohazardous or sharp items. Therefore, they can be safely disposed of in the regular trash can.