Cardiovascular Physiology

What organ is responsible for pumping blood throughout the body?

• Heart
• Lung
• Brain
• Kidney

During which phase of the Cardiac Cycle are all heart valves closed and ventricular pressure is rising?

• Ejection Phase
• Isovolumetric Contraction Phase
• Filling Phase
• Isovolumetric Relaxation Phase

Which heart sound corresponds to the closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves?

• S1
• S2
• S3
• S4

Which conduction node acts as the primary pacemaker?

• SA Node
• AV Node
• Purkinje Fibers
• His Bundle

The aortic valve opens during diastole

• True
• False

What happens to stroke volume if preload increases (according to Frank-Starling Law)?

• Increases
• Decreases
• No Change
• Irregular

Rank these in the correct order of the Cardiac Cycle Phases

• Filling Phase
• Isovolumetric Contraction
• Ejection Phase
• Isovolumetric Relaxation

What ion is responsible for the plateau phase in cardiac action potential?

• Sodium (Na+)
• Calcium (Ca2+)
• Potassium (K+)
• Chloride (Cl-)

Match the heart sound with the valve closure: S1

• Mitral & Tricuspid
• Aortic & Pulmonal

If a patient has high preload, low contractility, and high afterload, what happens to cardiac output?

• Increases
• Decreases
• Remains Same
• Irregular