4.1 Bioninja Evolution

What is the primary mechanism by which evolution acts as a driving force for speciation?

• Genetic drift

• Natural selection

• Artificial selection

• Random mutations

Which of the following is an example of a homologous structure?

• Wings of insects and birds

• Pentadactyl limb in vertebrates

• Body shape of sharks and dolphins

• Vestigial pelvic bone in whales

What is the main difference between Lamarck's and Darwin's theories of evolution?

• Lamarck believed in acquired characteristics, Darwin in natural selection

• Lamarck focused on genetic drift, Darwin on artificial selection

• Lamarck emphasized random mutations, Darwin emphasized environmental pressures

• Lamarck proposed convergent evolution, Darwin proposed divergent evolution

Which of the following best describes selective breeding?

• Natural selection of traits over time

• Human intervention to produce desired traits

• Random mutations leading to new species

• Environmental pressures causing trait changes

What evidence supports the theory of evolution through molecular analysis?

• Comparative embryology

• Selective breeding

• DNA and RNA sequence comparison

• Homologous structures

List the main types of evidence that support the theory of evolution.

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Identify the differences between homologous and analogous structures with examples.

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Describe the role of mutations in the process of evolution.

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Summarize the process of speciation and the factors that contribute to it.

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Draw conclusions about the relationship between DNA sequence similarities and evolutionary relatedness among different species.

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