4.1 Bioninja Evolution

What is the primary mechanism by which evolution acts as a driving force for speciation?

• Genetic drift

• Natural selection

• Artificial selection

• Random mutations

Which of the following is an example of a homologous structure?

• Wings of insects and birds

• Pentadactyl limb in vertebrates

• Body shape of sharks and dolphins

• Vestigial pelvic bone in whales

What is the main difference between Lamarck's and Darwin's theories of evolution?

• Lamarck believed in acquired characteristics, Darwin in natural selection

• Lamarck focused on genetic drift, Darwin on artificial selection

• Lamarck emphasized random mutations, Darwin emphasized environmental pressures

• Lamarck proposed convergent evolution, Darwin proposed divergent evolution

Which of the following best describes selective breeding?

• Natural selection of traits over time

• Human intervention to produce desired traits

• Random mutations leading to new species

• Environmental pressures causing trait changes

What evidence supports the theory of evolution through molecular analysis?

• Comparative embryology

• Selective breeding

• DNA and RNA sequence comparison

• Homologous structures

List the main types of evidence that support the theory of evolution.

Identify the differences between homologous and analogous structures with examples.

Describe the role of mutations in the process of evolution.

Summarize the process of speciation and the factors that contribute to it.

Draw conclusions about the relationship between DNA sequence similarities and evolutionary relatedness among different species.