Quiz on Hypertensive Vascular and Heart Diseases

What is the systolic pressure threshold for essential hypertension?

• >160 mmHg

• >140 mmHg

• >120 mmHg

• >180 mmHg

Which type of hypertension is characterized by a systolic pressure greater than 200 mmHg?

• Isolated systolic hypertension

• Essential hypertension

• Secondary hypertension

• Malignant hypertension

What is a common environmental factor contributing to essential hypertension?

• Gender

• Heavy salt consumption

• Age

• Genetic predisposition

Which of the following is NOT a secondary cause of hypertension?

• Obesity

• Renal issues

• Endocrine disorders

• Neurological conditions

What is the primary mechanism of essential hypertension?

• Increased elasticity of blood vessels

• Increased renal Na excretion

• Vaso-constrictive influences

• Decreased fluid volume

What type of arteriosclerosis involves concentric lamellar thickening of the wall?

• Arteriolosclerosis

• Atherosclerosis

• Hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis

• Hyaline arteriolosclerosis

Which type of hypertensive heart disease is associated with the right side of the heart?

• Myocardial infarction

• Congestive heart failure

• Left-sided hypertensive heart disease

• Cor-pulmonale

What is a characteristic feature of hyaline arteriolosclerosis?

• All of the above

• Thickening of vessel wall

• Leakage of plasma protein

• Narrowing of vessel lumen

Which of the following is a type of hypertensive vascular disease?

• Cerebrovascular accident

• Hypertensive heart disease

• Coronary artery disease

• Aortic aneurysm

What is the effect of increased cardiac output in essential hypertension?

• Increased blood pressure

• Decreased blood pressure

• Decreased heart rate

• No effect on blood pressure