Evolution Test Review

A structure, behavior, or physiology that enhances survival and reproductive success in a particular environment is called:

• adaptation

• mimicry

• evolution

• Homology

The mole rat is an animal with long claws and teeth for digging deep holes. Scientists think the ancestors of the mole rat lived above ground and had shorter claws and teeth. Which of the following processes resulted in the long claws and teeth that are traits of the mole rat?

• Natural selection

• Selective breeding

• Genetic engineering

• Asexual reproduction

Fossils that show evidence of change over time, such as the archeopteryx, are called

• Transitional fossils

• Speciation fossils

• Changing fossils

• Stair-step fossils

Every so often, the yellow butterflies that live in a pine forest have a red offspring. The red butterflies are more likely to be seen and eaten by predators and are less likely to survive and reproduce. This process is known as:

• evidence

• speciation

• variation

• natural selection

Every so often, the yellow butterflies that live in a pine forest have a red offspring. The red butterflies are more likely to be seen and eaten by predators. Which of the following statements is true?

• The red butterflies are possibly a result of mutation.

• The red butterflies most likely needed to change in order to survive an environmental condition other than predation.

• The red butterflies have no effect on the variation within the butterfly population.

• None of the above.

Variation is the result of:

• an organism deciding to adapt to its environment

• randomly occurring mutations

• both a and b

• none of the above

Which of the following species is most closely related to the unknown organism?

• Human

• Dog

• Chicken

• Fish

When looking at undisturbed sedimentary rock, older fossils would be found…

• deeper down in the rock layers

• higher up in the rock layers

• in the middle rock layers

• anywhere; it’s impossible to tell without radiometric dating

Which of the following is necessary in order for speciation to occur?

• A large number of mutations accumulating within a population

• Reproductive isolation of populations of organisms

• A reduction in the number of individuals in a population

• A large population size

Which of the following statements about social behavior is FALSE?

• Social behavior can be an adaptation.

• Social behavior can change through evolution.

• Social behavior can affect females but not males.

• Social behavior can have a variety of causes.