Science Unit 4: Rock and minerals

What is the process of breaking down rocks into smaller pieces?

• Erosion
• Deposition
• Melting
• Weathering
• Fracture

Answer explanation

Weathering is the process that breaks down rocks into smaller pieces due to wind, water, or temperature changes.

What process moves sediment by wind, water, or ice?

• Freezing
• Erosion
• Weathering
• Deposition
• Gravity

Answer explanation

Erosion is the movement of rock particles by wind, water, or ice.

What happens when tiny bits of rock or sediment settle in a new location?

• Erosion
• Weathering
• Melting
• Deposition
• Cementation

Answer explanation

Deposition occurs when sediments settle in a new location after being transported.

What landform forms when sediment piles up near the mouth of a river?

• Moraine
• Delta
• Sea Arch
• Sand Dune
• Canyon

Answer explanation

A delta forms when sediment is deposited at the mouth of a river, creating new land.

What type of rock forms from layers of sediment pressed together?

• Igneous
• Sedimentary
• Metamorphic
• Fossilized
• Limestone

Answer explanation

Sedimentary rocks form when layers of sediment are compacted and cemented together.

Which type of rock forms from magma cooling?

• Sedimentary
• Fossil
• Metamorphic
• Igneous
• Obsidian

Answer explanation

Igneous rocks form when molten rock cools and hardens.

What type of rock changes due to heat and pressure?

• Igneous
• Sedimentary
• Fossil
• Metamorphic
• Marble

Answer explanation

Metamorphic rocks change form due to intense heat and pressure.

What is a nonliving solid that has a crystal form?

• Fossil
• Rock
• Mineral
• Sediment
• Quartz

Answer explanation

A mineral is a naturally occurring solid with a crystal structure.

What is the scale used to measure mineral hardness?

• Streak Scale
• Color Scale
• Moh’s Hardness Scale
• Mineral Strength Scale
• 1 to 10 scale

Answer explanation

Moh’s Hardness Scale measures how easily a mineral can be scratched.

What is a renewable resource?

• Fossil fuels
• Rocks
• Air
• Minerals
• Sunlight

Answer explanation

Renewable resources can be replaced naturally, like sunlight and air.