13.5 Enlightenment Sparks Revolutions

What was the Enlightenment primarily known for?

• The rise of absolute monarchs

• The questioning of the divine-right of kings

• The expansion of European empires

• The decline of scientific inquiry

Which English thinker argued for natural rights?

• John Locke

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Thomas Hobbes

• Voltaire

What did John Locke believe about government?

• It should have absolute power

• It should be limited and accepted by the people

• It should be based on divine-right

• It should be controlled by the church

What was Thomas Hobbes' view on human nature?

• People are naturally rational

• People are naturally cooperative

• People are naturally greedy and selfish

• People are naturally good

What did Montesquieu advocate for in government?

• Absolute monarchy

• Separation of powers

• Divine-right of kings

• Direct democracy

What was Voltaire's famous quote about freedom of speech?

• Only the wise should speak freely.

• Freedom of speech is the most dangerous freedom.

• I may disagree with what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it.

• Speech should be limited to protect the state.

What did Jean-Jacques Rousseau believe about society?

• Society should be ruled by monarchs

• Society needs no laws

• Society is inherently good

• Society corrupts individuals

According to Rousseau, who should impose controls on individuals?

• Religious leaders

• Elected leaders

• Monarchs

• Military generals

What was the main focus of the French philosophes?

• Promoting religious authority

• Spreading enlightenment ideas

• Supporting absolute monarchs

• Encouraging economic expansion

What did Hobbes call the agreement where people give up some rights for order?

• Separation of powers

• Divine-right

• Social contract

• Natural rights